This week's report lists 95 silver stocks. There are 28 silver stocks that list reserves, resources (and exploration potential.) which I calculate by using my "ounce in the ground" forumula. There are 44 explorers. There are about 23 additional "silver" stocks with incomplete information. Additions & Changes from last week are in bold.
If you are an Accredited or Sophisticated investor and want information I may find out about private placement opportunities in some of the very best silver stocks in my opinion, (This is not a solicitation for any stock, and I'm not brokering any securities) email me with PP in the subject field: jasonhommel@yahoo.com I can't tell you exactly which silver stocks to buy several reasons. First, I'm not your broker. Second, too many people ask. Third, if I told you what I was buying as I was buying it, you'd buy, and push the price up against me.
The best I can do is tell you where I have already put my money. I offer a monthly "look at my portfolio". Try it for a month, and see if it works for you. I do not issue recommendations, and I don't list number of shares or the size of my portfolio, but I will show the top investments in my portfolio, by rank, updated monthly.
To read about my religious bias, see my other website, bibleprophesy.org There are two essays near the top of the page that explain why I believe the entire world will return to using gold and silver as money again before the end times. Hint, see Ezekiel 38.
If you want to receive an email notice of when and where this FREE weekly report is published, sign up at goldismoney.com Anyone who signs up will also get a FREE e-book that explains the bullish case for gold and especially silver. If you have studied the silver market at all, then the time has come that you ought to be a teacher, and you ought to explain the silver story to all who will listen. goldismoney.com is designed to help spread the word. I suggest you email the url to your address book.
Price of silver is $6.23 as of Friday, 2:05 PM West Coast US, which was used to calculate the following figures. The CAN $ / US $ conversion factor is .7545. I will use .75 for ease.
How to read the following table: Stock Symbol that works at Yahoo! Finance (Company name) / Silver oz. "in ground"** for 1 oz. silver's worth of stock. / price change since last week relative to silver price change (and stock dilution, if any) / additional comments (EXPT is "exploration potential")
GNG.V GGTHF.PK (GOLDEN GOLIATH) --Historic silver district in Mexico
HGM.V HOGOF.PK (HOLMER GOLD)
* FR.V FMJRF.PK (FIRST MAJESTIC) 15 --(26 EXPT) silver bonus. Bought a former silver producer.
SPM.V SMNPF.PK (SCORPION MINING)
CHMN.PK (CHESTER MINING)
NJMC.OB (NEW JERSEY MIN)
MMG.V MMEEF.PK (MCMILLAN GOLD)
* KRE.V KREKF.PK (KENRICH ESKAY)
* KG.V KDKGF.PK (KLONDIKE GOLD)
LEG.V LEGCF.PK (LATEEGRA RSCS)
SHSH.PK (SHOSHONE SILVER)
BGS.V BLDGF.PK (BALLAD GLD SLVR)
SRY.V (STINGRAY RSCS)
EGD.V(ENERGOLD MINING)
* CBE.V CBEFF.PK (CABO MINING) --Historic Silver and Cobalt district
PCM.V (PAC COMOX RES)
BBR.V BBRRF.PK (BRETT RES)
TUO.V TEUTF.PK (TEUTON RES)
ROK.V ROCAF.PK (ROCA MINES INC)
CBP.V CPBMF.PK (CONS PAC BAY MIN)
* = I own shares ** = "in ground" counts all "silver oz. in the ground" as the same, but they are NOT EQUAL. Some are more certain and others are more speculative. Some are higher grades, some are lower grades. They range from most certain to least certain such as: "proven & probable reserves," "measured, indicated, inferred resources." This single number next to each stock symbol above represents the approximate number of ounces of silver in the ground you are buying title to when you invest the equivalent of one ounce of silver by buying shares in the company at current prices. (It does not include zinc, or copper, or lead, but it does include gold at a 1:10 ratio of gold:silver.)
At goldsheetlinks.com, they add 100% of proven & probable reserves, but only 70% of measured & indicated resources, and only 50% of inferred resources. I don't do that. I count them as all the same.
To quickly "tab" down to the company you are interested in, note the symbol. Then hit "control-F" to "FIND" the symbol below.
------------- WEEKLY COMMENTARY (All new in this section):
News Item: New Hampshire may introduce silver coinage. Nevada was seriously considering issuing silver coinage in the last year, but the legislation did not pass, and I've heard reports that several other states are also considering the idea. See: http://gencourt.state.nh.us/legislation/2004/hb1342.html
The problem I see with the New Hampshire bill is that it attempts to put a dollar face value on the coins. The bill says New Hampshire "shall mint its own coins at a face value of $50,000,000", thus denominating them in dollars, which is a huge mistake. The bill intends to mint 1 ounce coins that are 90% fine.
I think the best way to issue silver money is to demominate it in ounces, not dollars. The dollar is a false weight and measure, a changing measure, and thus, unreliable. You cannot fix and mix fraud with truth, and dollars are fraud. A coin denominated in ounces will be free to find it's own value as determined by the free market. The government cannot fix the value of silver. Well, it can, but anytime the value is fixed, it leads to imbalances and problems. If fixed too high in dollars, people will not want to use the coins, and the government will be making an undue profit from the minting of the coins... Furthermore, the "high denomination in dollars" will not last as the price of silver rises, and soon, the dollar price will be too low. And if the dollar price is then fixed too low in dollars, people will hoard the coins, and then they will not circulate, thus defeating the entire point of minting silver coins, and thus preventing the transition to using silver coins instead of dollars.
The best way for any state to issue silver coins is to issue them without a dollar denomination on the face. They need to issue them as a one ounce coin, and "spend" them into circulation at about 10-15% above the spot price for silver. This way, they will be making a nominal fee on the minting of the coins, and people will not be getting ripped off who receive them. (After all, private mint 1 ounce rounds already cost about that from coin dealers.) And also, the coins will be able to circulate, and find their own true value among the people. Furthermore, a single one ounce coin may not be very practical for many businesses to use. The NH government needs to issue silver change in order for businesses to use silver in a practical manner. Therefore, they need to also issue 1/2 oz. coins, and 1/10th oz. coins. Small change is needed so that merchants can accept the fractional ounce as payment for goods, and also, so merchants can price their goods in terms of the silver ounce! NH also should consider perhaps issuing even a 10 oz. coin or bar and/or a 100 oz. "coin", or bar.
The only way that good money will drive out bad money is if the good money is preferred to using dollars. Silver must be convenient, useable, and not denominated in terms of dollars. A good inscription for the coins might be something such as the following:
"NO STATE SHALL MAKE ANYTHING BUT GOLD AND SILVER COIN A TENDER IN PAYMENT OF DEBTS..." Article 1 Section 10, United States Constitution...
or perhaps they can quote something similar to the Coin Act of 1792
Penalty of Death for de-basing the coins. Section 19. And be it further enacted, That if any of the gold or silver coins which shall be struck or coined at the said mint shall be debased or made worse as to the proportion of the fine gold or fine silver therein contained, or shall be of less weight or value than the same out to be pursuant to the directions of this act, through the default or with the connivance of any of the officers or persons who shall be employed at the said mint, for the purpose of profit or gain, or otherwise with a fraudulent intent, and if any of the said officers or persons shall embezzle any of the metals which shall at any time be committed to their charge for the purpose of being coined, or any of the coins which shall be struck or coined at the said mint, every such officer or person who shall commit any or either of the said offenses, shall be deemed guilty of felony, and shall suffer death.
Such as:
"IF ANYONE SHALL MINT A SILVER COIN OF LESS THAN 90% SILVER THEY SHALL SUFFER THE DEATH PENALTY"
Or perhaps even:
"PAPER MONEY IS FRAUD. SILVER IS MONEY."
Finally, the best way that NH, or any state, can help the transition to using silver as money, is to allow for the FREE COINAGE of silver. In this way, silver investors will bring in their silver to the NH mint, and will prefer to hold their own silver in the standard, modern NH minted form, and even spend it into circulation. The more silver is minted, the more it will be used as money. The reason money is most useful is that it must be fungible, it all must be the same. Silver has this quality, but unless it is minted into coins, each bit of silver must be weighed and evaluated, which slows down commerce. Nobody wants to stand in a supermarket checkout line if at each transaction, someone has to weigh the silver coins out each time when payment is made. The entire point of coinage is to provide uniformity so that each silver coin does not need to be weighed or evaluated. This is why silver coins are more useful for commerce than silver jewelrey.
Minting silver coins is a good idea, but it must be done right, or it will fail, and bad money will drive out good money, as people save undervalued silver coins, as we are doing today. But if done right, and the coins are not denominated in dollars, and if there is free coinage, then good money will drive out the bad money, which is the goal.
------------------------------------------------------------ The bank of Japan may diversify into gold and this is very, very, very bullish news for precious metals: http://tinyurl.com/264j5
TOKYO, Jan 28, 2004 (ODJ Select via COMTEX) -- (Dow Jones)--Japanese Finance Minister Sadakazu Tanigaki said Wednesday his ministry will carefully consider whether to change the composition of its $673.53 billion in foreign reserves, including the weighting of gold in that total.
"As it might affect the gold market, we will consider various things carefully," he told the Lower House's Fiscal, Monetary and Financial Policy Committee, when asked whether Tokyo would bring its gold reserves more in line with other nations.
According to December foreign reserve data, Japan has $10.24 billion worth of gold, or 24.6 million troy ounces, a very low amount compared with other nations including the U.S.
This news item is also overlooked by most analysts, as noted in this news report: http://tinyurl.com/27gnk
The analysts, apparantly, perhaps because of ignorance of the supply and demand numbers in the gold market, refuse to do the 7th grade math necessary to figure out the possible implications. I wonder if even Japanese Finance Minister Sadakazu Tanigaki has done the math? Have you, readers? You should be somewhat aware of the implications already, since I write weekly in my report (as seen below), the following:
(Numbers in metric tonnes, 32,152 oz. per tonne.)
870 tonnes -- the paper position at the COMEX, 280,000 contracts for 100 oz. each. 5,000 tonnes -- the official number admitted that the central banks have sold. 15,000 tonnes -- the number GATA research shows that central banks have sold / or leased. 30,000 tonnes -- the number of official central bank gold, minus either the 5000 or 15,000 tonnes. 145,000 tonnes -- all the gold mined in the history of the world. 2,600 tonnes -- annual mine supply 4,000 tonnes -- annual demand
And all of that is nothing compared to the amount of dollars out there that exist that could buy gold. $20 trillion bonds, $9 trillion M3 = $29 Trillion. A mere 1% is $290 Billion, which, at $500/oz. is a massive demand of 18,039 tonnes. Do you understand what that means? That means that far, far less than 1% of dollars, in either bonds or M3 can buy gold, because there simply is not that much gold available.
Long before 1% of U.S. paper dollars tries to buy gold, gold will be going up well over $1000/oz., and silver will be headed up over $50/oz.
Note the numbers: $673 billion for the bank of Japan, and $290 billion for 1% of U.S. money.
Thus, when finance minister Tanigaki says, "As it might affect the gold market..." I and my readers should easily and quickly know that's an understatement. Now, I know Tanigaki did not say he was going to put all his reserves into gold. On the other hand, he did not even say he was going to buy any gold at all! Nevertheless, IF the equivalent of $673 billion tried to buy gold, well, no matter how many dollars are spent, I don't think anyone could get any more gold from the market than about 2000 tonnes within a year, since that is probably all that is reasonably available, given the current supply/demand statistics of 2500 tonnes mine supply, and 4000 tonnes of existing demand. And if you divide that out, it may give us a price target for gold if $673 billion tried to buy it. 2000 tonnes / 32152 oz./tonne = 64.3 million ounces of gold. $673 billion dollars is $673,000 million dollars. $673,000 million dollars / 64.3 million oz. of gold = $10,466/oz.
This means that if the bank of Japan tried to spend $673 billion on gold, it would likely push the price up to over $10,000/oz.
Wow! That number suprised me! Because that's just the bank of Japan. But surely China will start buying gold by then, and China has over $300 billion in reserves. And there is also the Japanese people who have trillions worth of dollars to spend!!! In fact, as much as I note the abundance of U.S. dollars, the excess creation of Yen, and high Japanese savings rates, creates an even greater potential boost to the price of precious metals.
But let's assume that the bank of Japan could fill their entire order $673 billion at a mere $1000/oz. How much gold would that be? $673 billion / $1000/oz. = 673 million oz. of gold. And how many tonnes is that? Divide by 32152 and it equals 20,931 tonnes. And since annual gold demand is a mere 4000 tonnes, we can easily see that the bank of Japan could not even remotely put all their dollar reserves into gold, even if they bid gold up to $1000/oz. Therefore, my figure of $10,000/oz, is, most likely, not too far off the mark, and is very likely the correct number.
This is why the vast majority of gold analysts out there are clueless, even GATA, who is trying to warn people that gold is headed over $1000/oz. That is NOT anywhere near the target price. Gold is headed well over $10,000/oz, and probably headed past $30,000/oz., and even to infinity dollars/oz., as the dollar, and the yen completely fail as currencies over the next several years.
Here's another news report:
TOKYO, Jan. 30 (Reuters) -- Japan spent a record 7.1545 trillion yen in currency intervention in January -- equivalent to $67.56 billion at Friday's rate -- to stem the yen's rise against the dollar, Finance Ministry data showed.
What if Japan spent $67.56 billion dollars worth of yen on gold in one month instead? It would cause gold to go up, and it could cause yen to go down relative to gold (since yen is spent on gold). How much gold would that be? Again, it's nearly impossible to figure, since it would obviously drive the price of gold up as they bought gold. If they could get it all at $400/oz., it would be 169 million ounces, or 5253 tonnes, which they obviously could not buy, because annual demand is 4000 tonnes already. If they bought 2000 tonnes (which would take at least a year) with $67.56 billion, that comes out to $1050 dollars/oz. for gold, for an average price. Clearly, the gold market is headed up, way up, way beyond anyone's ability to calculate in terms of paper.
Here's how markets work: As wealthy people (or people who think they have weath due to the paper fraud) try to enter a tight market (like the gold market or a thinly traded gold stock), they desire to have their orders filled. Sometimes, wealthy people figure they can be patient, and put in a low bid to get a stock, or commodity, and wait for sellers to fill the order. For anyone who has experience buying silver stocks, you know that this can be a big mistake. If you want it, you have to pay for it, or the price can run away from you. You have to put in a bid that fits the asking price, which is the highest price. And you won't get any more than the person asking has to offer. If you want substantially more, you have to be willing to offer substantially above the asking price, otherwise, you cannot induce others to sell. So, Japan will have to bid $450/oz., just to get started filling their gold needs, and they will only get a little bit of gold, not nearly enough to satisfy their demand. And then, they will have to raise their price if they want more. They will have to bid $475, and then $500, and then $600, and each time, they will only get "a little bit" of gold, just a drop in the bucket compared to what they really want. By that time, it will be a race to get more gold, first come first served, highest bidder filled, and it will be seen as a brilliant idea, and increasingly necessary. The reason is that by the time gold is bid up to $800/oz., the value of the rest of their dollars, as denominated in gold, will be cut in half from today's price, and cut into less than 1/3 of the price when gold was $250/oz.! So, they might spend up to $30 billion on gold, and then watch the $630 billion dollars (the remainder) be cut in half in terms of its gold value, which would be like a loss of $315 billion dollars. Yes, it's extremely painful, but what else can they do when they come to the realization that the dollar is fraud, and gold is real? The only other alternative is silver, and I'm sure they will buy some, but that market is even tinier, and even $1 billion spent on silver would drive the price of silver to the sky.
As I was lifting a lot of silver this week, I thought: As silver gets more expensive, silver is getting lighter. An oz. still weighs an oz. of course. But $100 of silver is a bit less silver than it used to be when silver was $4.20/oz. $100 / $4.20/oz = 23.8 ounces! Today, $100 of silver is /$6.50 oz. = 15.38 ounces. Although lighter for the dollars, that's still a lot of silver for a "day's wage" of $100. A day's wage, in silver, used to be one single 1932 silver quarter, back in the Great Depression of the 1930's. A silver quarter contains (.715 of one ounce of silver per $1.00 face, divided by 4) = .17875 of one oz. Today, due to consumption by industry, there is a lot less silver available per capita than was available during the Great Depression, back when silver was money and there was no money (silver). Therefore, I imagine that when paper money fails, and people turn to the only other alternative, gold and silver, and given the silver shortage, a day's wage, in silver, will be a lot less than a silver quarter. Perhaps it (the $100) will be a silver dime, or about .05 of one oz.? Perhaps even less. Silver will be a lot lighter then, compared to today, that's for sure. And if that number is correct, then we can expect silver to rise in value about 307 times more valuable than it is today. That's not a ten bagger, not a hundred bagger, but a 300-bagger for buying silver bullion at $6.50/oz!
Due to the internet rumor that someone with $40 million could not find silver bullion in size anywhere, and due to the fact that my own personal order was larger than what most coin dealers have in inventory, I am putting together a list of dealers with sizeable silver in inventory.
As I put together this list, I spoke to a lot of big name coin dealers. After having those conversations, I'm more bullish on silver now than I ever was before.
The coin dealers are primarily businessmen, not investors. They carry inventory that is moving, and they make money on the trading, not the holding. They sell at the ask, and they buy on the bid, and the spread is their profit that covers their expenses such as salaries, telephone, and rent. They carry what people buy, which is gold, about 70% of the time, and silver about 30% of the time. According to their thinking, "Why hold silver if people are buying gold more"? Since I'm an investor with a long term perspective, then accoring to my thinking, I'd rather buy that which other people are NOT buying, which is silver. The fact that fewer people are buying silver, once again, proves it is the better, and more undervalued, investment.
Another thing many dealers kept saying is that "Nobody keeps $500,000 worth of silver in inventory." The coin dealer network in the U.S. is a tight club of perhaps about 50-100 dealers, and they do a lot of trading with each other, so they know what is out there. This again, is very bullish for silver, since it says that there not very much silver in inventory across the coin dealer network in the U.S.
Another shocking thing I heard was coin dealers telling me that they don't carry silver in inventory because they "would get killed on the price swings." This is ridiculous, if you know anything at all about how undervalued silver is. But they said things like "If you buy silver at $5/oz., and it drops to $3, you are out, bigtime." Yes, but silver barely dipped below $4/oz, only once during the last 24 years! Besides, silver is real, dollars are not. The dollar can drop to zero, and silver cannot! And you can't hedge your risk with dollars that are riskier, and you can't hedge your risk with futures contracts that you expect to default someday! I said the ultimate goal should be to acquire more silver, not more dollars. And as long as you make money on the transactions, you should always be adding to your silver holdings. Accumulating dollar holdings is silly thinking, especially for a coin dealer who, of all people, should know better!
This sad fundamental situation of this attitude that exists today among the coin dealers is the end result of the 24-year bear market in silver from the high in 1980. During those 24 years, such foolish behavior was rewarded, and thus, few bullion dealers today carry much silver in inventory. Therefore, I do believe that most of the silver really has been used up by industry, in jewelry and silverware, in photography, and in electronics, and that yes, silver really is getting very scarce.
Another odd thing about coin dealers is that the smaller dealers like to pretend they are larger, and say "oh yes, I can handle any order of any size" even when they don't have the inventory, and while the larger dealers sometimes will say, "well, I don't want to disclose my inventory size". Therefore, my list of "larger dealers" is not all inclusive, as some may not have wanted to be added to the list due to security risk.
The other thing I heard was that the coin dealers felt that since they are in the industry, that they would know when to buy lots of silver, and that they would be able to buy a lot of silver before a price rise, or before a default in delivery from the COMEX hit. I'm skeptical of such a claim. After all, how many coin dealers loaded up on silver back at $4.20, the recent low price? Probably very few. That's why it was the low price, because nobody was buying!
This finally brings me to Ted Butler. This week, I've had my first very big disagreement with him, and I think I understand why we disagree. Ted wrote last week at http://www.investmentrarities.com/01-20-04.html , "I am strongly convinced that no default is on the horizon." I strongly disagree. Ted says that the "possibility that the shorts will feel the wrath of criminal prosecution if they dare default on a COMEX silver delivery" may prevent a default. No, I don't think that will prevent default. I don't even think the threat of death penalties for a default could prevent a default. If they have made more promises than they can deliver, then there's nothing they can do to avoid default, that's the law of reality that will not be avoided, no matter how much they may fear jail time at the hands of a zealous Eliot Spitzer.
The other reason why Ted is wrong is that he says, "I don’t see the dollar having that much influence on silver." That's crazy. Silver is money. Every dollar in existance represents potential demand for gold and silver when the dollar fails.
The other reason that Ted gives to support his idea that delivery defaults won't happen is that "the only way we don't get a default is if we don't stay at current prices... That's a basic part of the law of supply and demand that has not completely functioned in silver until now. " The problem I see with Ted's thinking is that he is not looking at silver as money, which he admits. The supply and demand curve is not linear if the price of silver increases. The demand for silver will not just go down as the price goes up, as Ted Butler expects. As the price increases, trend investors will want to buy more and more silver. As the price of silver increases even further, people who want to protect their dollar savings will want to buy silver. Monetary demand creates a positive feedback loop of ever-increasing demand. Demand will not go down, just because the price of silver rises. Demand will go up!
Right now, there is virtually no investor demand for silver. This will change as the price increases, and people learn the silver story that there is no supply! As investor demand enters the picture, demand will increase, because industrial demand will not simply go away!
Because I feel a default is inevitable, I have done some very specific research. I wanted to find bullion dealers with inventory! The only way not to get stuck during a situation where a default is coming, is to travel to a bullion dealer, pay cash on the barrel with either a bank check or wired funds, and take delivery in person, and hold your silver yourself!
Therefore, this week, after experiencing consternation last week over not finding dealers with bullion in inventory, I have made many calls to many bullion dealers, and I have now found 4 dealers who each have over $500,000 in silver bullion in inventory. Their inventory may not last. (By the way, I received all of my orders for silver from the dealers who didn't have enough inventory to fill my orders, and who ordered from other parties.)
Given how difficult it was to find these four dealers, (I don't think I could have found them all without all the help of my many readers) I truly believe the internet rumor from a few weeks ago that a fund with over $200 million wanted to invest $40 million in silver, and could not find any. After all, even $500,000 would be only 1/80th of such an order, and would not be worth the time to place--if even they could find such a dealer! A $40 million order would need to place orders on the size of at least $5 million at the least, to even be worth the time and trouble! And would they really call 50-100 dealers just to find perhaps 5-10 who have a half a million each? I don't think so!
So, these four dealers, may well be some of the last of the larger chunks of the little bit of silver left in the country that is not sitting at the COMEX, which, although relatively big compared to these dealers, is still very little in the over-all picture, only about $300 million worth, or so! And the COMEX has position limit restrictions on new longs, so you couldn't buy much there, either!
The following dealers have, or regularly keep, over 100,000 oz. silver bullion in inventory: Minimum order: 100 oz. gold or 5000. oz. silver: (These are not places to call for small retail orders. For smaller orders, call Greg Westgaard, 1-800-328-1860 Ext. 8889, and tell him Jason sent you.)
Engles Coin Shop Minimum order: 100 oz. gold or 5000. oz. silver. (317) 875 0614 3520 Founders Lane, Indianapolis, IN 46268
Miles Franklin Ltd. http://www.milesfranklin.com St. Louis Park, Minn. Bob Sichel 1-800-814-3224 They believe their exclusive wholesaler is one of the top 5-6 wholesalers in size in N. America. As of Jan 28th, they have over $500,000 silver bullion in inventory. (70 bags of 90% in the vault, plus bars)
Monex Newport Beach, California http://www.monex.com/ 1-800-489-0839 They don't deal in paper COMEX contracts at all!
If there are any silver bullion dealers who have at least $500,000 worth of silver bullion in inventory on hand, please contact me jasonhommel@yahoo.com , and I will give you a FREE AD, like the ones above, in each week's silver stock report.
The easiest way to buy Comex Silver is through a precious metals brokerage firm such as HSBC bank, or http://www.fidelitrade.com/ that charges around 1% commission, plus delivery fees of about 2-3% depending on how far to ship. Or you could open a commodities trading account with any of the major brokerage houses who are most likely the bullion banks, and take delivery of your contract. There are several problems with this method. First, is the most obvious. These are the paper contracts that are controlling and suppressing the price, that I believe must one day default. Second, the bullion banks, since they are the ones who are likely short silver, will try their hardest to talk you out of placing an order. I have actually had several bullion banks turn me down, and not open a commodities trading account for me when they heard I was going to take delivery of several futures contracts! Their hypocritical excuses are amazing! They will say on one hand that their comissions are too low, and thus, it's not worth their time to open the account for you. And then, they will turn around and also say that you don't want to order silver bullion because the commissions will kill you! Unbelievable hypocrites those shorts! They will also try to scare you with "assay fees" that will be assessed if you try to return 1000 oz. bars to the exchange! But they won't tell you what those fees may cost! I've heard the assay fee is FREE if you use Brinks in LA!
Other dealers that occasionally have up to about 100,000 oz. silver bullion in inventory:
Investment Rarities: For orders larger than $100,000.00, to be sure of availability, contact Greg Westgaard, 1-800-328-1860 Ext. 8889. gwestgaard@investmentrarities.com (Tell him Jason sent you.) (no minimum order).
"Diverse Equities, Inc." Stan Wright (403) 230-9321 stan@diverseequities.com partners with: Canadian Silver Refiners which produces 100 oz. bars. Takes retail orders in Canada.
IT HAS COME TO MY ATTENTION THAT I AM USING THE WRONG CONVERSION FACTOR FOR SOME OF THE CALCULATIONS IN THIS REPORT. WHEN CONVERTING FROM GRAMS TO OUNCES, I CONVERTED TO ADVORPOIS OUNCES AND NOT TROY OUNCES. THE DIFFERENCE IS AS MUCH AS 10%. I HAVE NOT YET FIXED THE SITUATION. DO YOUR OWN MATH, AND DO YOUR OWN RESEARCH. THIS REPORT IS ONLY A STARTING POINT FOR YOUR OWN RESEARCH.
General Commentary on Silver (slightly modified from last week):
Silver stocks were up 314% for 2003! Eighty silver stocks on my list are up, on average, 314% for the year, from Jan 1, 2003 to Dec. 31, 2003. I believe that beats any sector, and any mutual fund in the world for 2003. Anyone know of a better sector or fund? My 2004-2009 price predictions for gold and silver: 2004: $595/oz. gold, 50:1 ratio = $12/oz. silver 2005: $1011/oz. gold, 30:1 ratio = $34/oz. silver 2006: $1719/oz. gold, 10:1 ratio = $172/oz. silver 2007: $2923/oz. gold, 5:1 ratio = $ 585/oz. silver 2008: $4,969/oz. gold, 1:1 ratio = $4969/oz. silver 2009: $8448/oz. gold, 5:1 ratio = $1698/oz. silver 2010+: infinity dollars/oz. gold, infinity dollars/oz. silver.
I calculate the gold price rise by guessing that by 2009, M3 will have a "gold-value" like it did in 1980, which is to say, M3 was worth 2 Billion oz. of gold or less. It also assumes M3 will about triple in that time. These figures are conservative, because I see no reason that M3 should be valued more than the gold the U.S. actually holds, which is a mere 261 million oz., not billion. Today, the M3 value is $8870 billion / $425/oz. = 19 billion oz. of gold M3 could buy in theory. The silver:gold ratio is also a very, very vague guess, reflective of monetary demand chasing silver, which is more scarce than gold in above ground, refined form. I have no idea when the ratio of 15:1 will be exceeded, I'm just totally guessing. I suppose it could happen this year or next month for all I know. Of course my real price targets are infinity dollars per oz. for both gold and silver when all is said and done, I just don't know how long that will take, nor what year it will be. But my point in producing the price predictions is to show my bullishness for silver and gold.
Let me say how important it is for silver stock investors to own physical silver. There is $334 million dollars worth of silver in the registered category available for delivery at the COMEX. The 59 silver stocks on my list, for which I have information available to calculate market caps, add up to $7090 million as of Dec. 5th, 2003. If silver stock investors move 5% of their silver stock holding to physical silver in the next few weeks, that would be $350 million dollars worth of physical silver, and thus, the silver price would probably hit $10-20/oz. within a few days. And if silver stock investors try to move 20% into physical silver, the silver demand will end the COMEX manipulation tomorrow. We don't need anyone other than ourselves to make "the big breakout" happen at this point.
I wrote an article predicting that Silver Companies will buy silver, and urging Silver Companies to buy silver with their cash, to use silver as money, and sell silver as needed for expenses. See http://news.goldseek.com/GoldIsMoney/1069879327.php
That article is now having an effect! It is being discussed by several large "cash rich" silver companies, who are seriously considering the idea of holding their cash in the form of silver.
Note, there is virtually no monetary demand. Note, the 2002 mine production (585 mil oz.) is greatly exceeded by industrial, photo, and jewelry demand. (838 mil oz.). Note the chart on page five, "Supply from above-ground stocks".
The difference between mine supply and industrial demand was met by a combination of three factors: 1. Government selling, 2. Private selling, 3. Recycling
U.S. government selling is ending, as their stocks have run out, or will run out. This factor will reverse, because the U.S. government will need silver to continue their coin program, and/or need silver when they wake up and decide they need to replenish their strategic stockpile for domestic security. Silver is a war material. China's selling of silver will also likely turn into buying, as China will need silver for continued industrial development, or when they also lose faith in the U.S. dollar.
Private selling has been rapidly shrinking and is now almost ended, and should turn into buying, and become monetary demand. Monetary demand is everything in the silver supply / demand situation. It's not now. Now, it's nothing. But it will become something incredible, because the dollar is dying.
Ted correctly points out that a lower price creates excessive demand from consumers. However, Ted Butler does not point out, and neglects to mention, that a perpetually low price also creates lack of demand from investors who are "trend investors".
I think most silver experts over-analyze all the supply and demand factors of the silver market. No factor is more important than monetary demand. The force of photographic demand is like a light breeze compared to the hurricane or tornado of monetary demand. Monetary demand is everything.
Consider the gold market for a moment: Even short selling at the COMEX is nothing compared to monetary demand. The short position most certainly helps to depress the price of gold as the short position is growing larger. However, it adds fuel to the fire if there is short covering, and thus, it can boost the gold price later. But the commercial short position on the COMEX is next to nothing compared to the non-reported "over the counter" trading that is done that does not appear on the COMEX.
(Numbers in metric tonnes, 32,152 oz. per tonne.)
870 tonnes -- the paper position at the COMEX, 280,000 contracts for 100 oz. each. 5,000 tonnes -- the official number admitted that the central banks have sold. 15,000 tonnes -- the number GATA research shows that central banks have sold / or leased. 30,000 tonnes -- the number of official central bank gold, minus either the 5000 or 15,000 tonnes. 145,000 tonnes -- all the gold mined in the history of the world. 2,600 tonnes -- annual mine supply 4,000 tonnes -- annual demand
And all of that is nothing compared to the amount of dollars out there that exist that could buy gold. $20 trillion bonds, $9 trillion M3 = $29 Trillion. A mere 1% is $290 Billion, which, at $500/oz. is a massive demand of 18,039 tonnes. Do you understand what that means? That means that far, far less than 1% of dollars, in either bonds or M3 can buy gold, because there simply is not that much gold available.
Long before 1% of U.S. paper dollars tries to buy gold, gold will be going up well over $1000/oz., and silver will be headed up over $50/oz.
To scare away investors--that is the entire reason gold and silver are manipulated in the first place. Only the trend investors can be deceived. The problem is that nearly everyone is a trend investor. So few investors understand value. If people knew the facts and used their brains, the available above-ground refined silver would be gone by tomorrow, and the price would be well over $20-50/oz. But don't trust me, follow the urls and check the numbers:
$33,000,000,000,000: World bond market yr end, '01: http://tinyurl.com/vr7u $20,200,000,000,000: U.S. bond market, yr end, '02: http://tinyurl.com/vr7g $11,700,000,000,000: U.S. stock market, yr end, '02: http://tinyurl.com/vr7g $11,038,000,000,000: U.S. annual GDP, 3rd q.'03 est. http://tinyurl.com/vr9y $8,879,000,000,000: M3 (money in the banks) Nov. '03 http://tinyurl.com/vra0 $6,939,572,558,142: US debt, 12-4-'03 http://tinyurl.com/bbp $2,212,000,000,000: U.S. annual budget 2003 $1,860,000,000,000: World gold, 145,000 T @ $400/oz. http://tinyurl.com/vrcc $554,995,097,146: U.S. budget deficit, ending fiscal year, 09/30/'03 http://tinyurl.com/bbp $274,000,000,000: Market Cap of Microsoft http://tinyurl.com/vrcn $180,000,000,000: debt of Ford Motor Co. http://tinyurl.com/vrd1 $104,400,000,000: US gold, 261 mil oz., @ $400/oz. http://tinyurl.com/vsr9 $100,000,000,000: all the world's gold stocks (estimated?) $7,090,000,000: all the world's silver stocks (59 of them on this list, as of Dec. 5th, 2003) $324,000,000: 52 mil oz. of registered COMEX silver @ $6.23/oz. http://tinyurl.com/vrcw
So, what do all those stastistics mean?
For a while I was using M3 and dividing that by the US gold (261 million ounces), which implies the us dollar is 84 times more valuable than it should be, and that gold should hit $34,000/oz. after the fraud is destroyed. Today, I realize I need to add in the Bond market, because bonds are an asset class designed to siphon away and replace real money, which is to say, gold. This gives a price of about $111,111/oz. for gold. At $430/oz, this implies that US bonds and paper currency is 258 times more overvalued than gold.
Gold is overvalued relative to silver, because at current prices, it takes 66 ounces of silver to buy 1 ounce of gold. Historically, this ratio was 15 or 16. Given the silver shortage, this ratio will hit 10:1 or 5:1, or even 1:1. Thus, gold is perhaps 66 times more overvalued than silver.
Silver is overvalued relative to certain select silver stocks, perhaps by a factor of 3 or 10 or 20 to one.
Thus, if you multiply all those numbers, 258 x 66 x 10, You will see that bonds and currency are overvalued relative to select silver stocks by a factor of 170,000 to one. In other words, if silver stocks reach their true value, and paper currency disappears as it always does, then you might expect certain silver stocks to go up in relative value by a factor of 170,000 times more than they are worth today. By that time, you should definitely sell the silver stocks, and buy gold.
Can silver stocks really appreciate so much? Is there historical evidence for such a crazy thing? Yes.
See http://www.sterlingmining.com/old.html Excerpt: "CDE rose from penny stock status (.02 in 1967) to an NYSE-listed, $60 per share stock in 1980. In fact, the average share on the Spokane Stock Exchange rose in value nearly 16000% (yes, sixteen THOUSAND percent), as America could not get enough of silver and silver stocks."
CDE rose by a factor of 3000, or 300,000%, and by 1980, the metals boom was stopped short, and paper money's death was postponed. If paper money dies a death that lasts a generation world-wide, then even greater gains should have been expected.
For this reason, a wise silver stock investor should NEVER sell silver stocks for paper cash. A wise silver stock investor who looks for value would never sell a fairly valued silver stock for an overvalued silver stock that traded for hundreds of thousands of times more value than it should be. Likewise, there is no excuse for a silver stock investor to have any cash or money market or bonds in his portfolio for any reasonable length of time, except for when selling one silver stock to raise the cash for another silver stock, or for when you need to raise the cash to buy silver, or a private placement in another silver stock.
So, if you want some fairly liquid alternatives to cash, in case you don't know what other silver stocks to buy at the time, here they are: 1. Buy silver. You can hold silver in an IRA. 2. Buy CEF. Central Fund of Canada, ticker symbol CEF. It's gold/silver bullion fund. It has 50 oz. of silver for every 1 oz. of gold. The fund is fairly liquid, you can buy it as easily as any other stock, and is a good cash substitute. Unfortunately, given the current ratio, about 60% or more of the value is in gold. 3. Buy a fairly large cap silver stock, with fairly large volume, that is still fairly cheap on the list. SSRI is probably the best candidate, the next might be PAAS.
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The sheer stupidity of big money not recognizing the value of the world's remaining silver is utterly shocking to the rational mind. Clearly, bond holders are utterly deceived, and totally unaware of the situation. All my readers should understand and know that bonds were originally invented to suck the capital and money (gold and silver) away from the people. Bonds today are a paper promise to repay paper. What a con game! Are bond holders conservative and safe? No, they are fools! There is nothing safe about holding a paper promise to receive more paper when we have been experiencing hyperinflation for the past two and a half years!
And the fund investors who buy paper silver futures contracts instead of real silver are a very odd bunch of fools, for they should realize that nobody can deliver the 800+ million ounces of silver promised in the paper contracts and options that does not exist. It's like the paper longs are betting on the bank run happening, but they all are making sure they get at the end of the long line. Instead, they could go front and center, where there is an open window available where you can go and get physical silver, and nobody is there. Idiots! If you know a bank run is going to happen, and you are actually willing to bet on it, then go and withdraw your money before it is too late! Don't bet on it happening, which, if it does happen, your contracts will be defaulted on! Amazingly blind idiots. Wake up!
How bullish am I on silver? Here's an interesting way to put it: "75 times infinity" dollars per ounce.
I believe the dollar will eventually be destroyed, likely within my lifetime, hence the "infinity" part. I believe the ratio of silver to gold may be equal during a spike, when the market realizes that above-ground refined silver is more rare than gold. Thus, silver may outperform gold by a factor of 75 times better. Currently, the ratio is 75 ounces of silver can buy one ounce of gold or 75:1.
I may end up selling silver for gold, some at the 10:1 silver to gold ratio, some more at 5:1, and I would sell any silver remaining at a 1:1 ratio, that we may hit during a supply/demand crunch during a paper money collapse.
How we can tell if silver is leading gold, or if gold is leading silver? IE, which is going up more, faster than the other? The way you can tell is by looking at the ratio. If the silver:gold ratio is going up (say, from 75:1 to 80:1), then gold is moving up faster (because it takes 5 more silver oz. to buy an oz. of gold. If the ratio is going down (from 75:1 to 70:1), then silver is moving up faster. So, keep an eye on the ratio.
A good website that hosts posting boards for many of the smaller canadian stocks is stockhouse.com Click on "Bullboards". -------------
This is a list of primary silver stocks.
I count a company's ounces of gold as 10 oz of silver. Why? Because I have a very strong positive bias in favor of silver over gold.
Given my bias in favor of much, much higher silver prices, then, to me, the grades of silver are far less important than buying more oz. in the ground. More oz. in the ground at a lower cost is the most important consideration for me.
My method is simple. Cost per ounce in the ground. How much do you get (silver reserve totals), and how much does it cost (market cap)? The cost is the market cap divided by the silver reserve totals. Cheaper is better. Buy low, sell high.
Disclaimers, Warnings, and Advice: I have gathered the information below over the course of several months. I believe it is accurate to the best of my ability. I may have made mistakes. I probably did. I'm human. I have collected the information from public sources such as company web sites and public information found at yahoo.com to get the stock prices. This report in no way guarantees the accuracy of the information below, since the information may change at any time. The number of outstanding shares can change as a company engages in new share issues to raise more capital through private placements, or if outstanding warrants (and options) are exercised and converted into shares, or if shares are bought back. Shares can be consolidated, or split. The number of ounces of silver in the ground can also change, as these are often only estimates. The number can also change up or down, depending on drilling results.
This report is not investment advice. This report contains information that may or may not be up to date, and may be inaccurate. I urge you to contact the company and do your own research to verify the information contained in this report.
This report is not an offer to buy or sell any securities. I am not a broker. Only your broker can buy or sell securities for you.
I urge you to consult with your investment advisor to determine whether these kinds of investments are right for you.
I also caution you to be aware of your investment advisor's advice, they are sometimes paid to push things like mutual funds, bonds and other securities that may not be in your best interest to buy. Some investment houses are short physical metal, and thus, they may attempt to strongly discourage you from buying precious metal or precious metals investments. I believe that the propaganda machine in support of frauds such as bonds and the dollar is so strong, that they may even believe what they say when they give bad advice to avoid the safety and protection of precious metals. It is most likely that they simply do not understand the precious metals market as well as you do.
All total estimates of "ounces in the ground" can vary widely. There are "proven and probable reserves" which are the highest category of certainty which is obtained through many drill holes, and then at the least accurate, there are "inferred resources" which are hardest to estimate. Additionally, every miner always has "more silver properties that need to be explored, which probably contain more silver". For the purposes of this report, I have added all those numbers together. It is believed that all these "ounce in the ground" estimates can be profitably mined at $5-6 per ounce silver, or lower. Thus, I believe that when silver trades for $15/oz. or above, that all of these ounces can be mined at a substantial profit.
I may be wrong. (I probably make mistakes in every article, and there have been updates and corrections made each week, especially as prices change.)
Mining is a risky business. You need to be willing to sustain a total loss of your investment for various unforeseen accidents. Silver stock companies can do stupid things to shareholders such as take on debt, or issue more stock at too low prices which reduces the percentage of the company you may own (dilution). Yet, they need to issue shares to raise capital for drilling, and then an even bigger dilution to build a working mine. They may sell YOUR silver too cheaply, or worse, hedge the price of YOUR silver just as it begins to go up if they lock in a price which then proves to be too low if the dollar is destroyed. Mining is a risky business as estimates of assets in the ground can change. There is political risk and environmental risk. They can't franchise the business, are stuck in one location, are subject to government confiscation, or taxes, or union wage negotiations, and corporate looting.
Do your own research. Be responsible for your own investment decisions. Again, please, before investing in a mining company, call up the company, and speak either with the CEO or the Investor Relations contact person.
So, at the very least, check the company web site, read the annual reports, check my numbers, check my math, and email the company. That's what they are there for, to answer your questions, and to speak about the opportunity of the company. Don't trust everything you read over the internet. I am a biased source. I own silver mining stocks. And I'm not a broker, nor an investment advisor. I'm just a private investor trying to make sense of this crazy world, and sharing my information and thoughts on silver companies.
Surely, there are scammers in the mining industry in the past, and there will be scammers in the future. Remember the fraud of Bre-X. The new 43-101 compliance laws put in place after Bre-X will not prevent a "certified" geologist from lying if he feels lying will create a better payoff. The Bible warns, "trust no man", yet at the same time advises us to "cast our bread upon the waters", and to not issue "false allegations" against others. Physical gold and silver provide the "payment in full" as long as the coins or bars themselves are genuine and not fake.
This report may be copied, and transmitted by other people, and may become outdated by the time it reaches you.
I can't tell you how you should invest your money, of course. The reason is that I don't know how convinced you are of the silver bull market, nor do I know how soon you will be needing the money back, so I don't know how long you can wait to see results, nor do I know how much liquidity you need. Nor do I know the size of the money you have to invest. It is very hard to invest large quantities of money in a small market cap stock.
That being said, my investment strategy seems to be working for me, so far. And so, here is how I have valued the following silver companies to make my own investment decisions.
(Market cap is always converted to US dollars and denominated in US dollars because I divide by ounces of silver, which are also denominated in dollars)
(These first three companies, BHP, GMBXF.PK, and BVN produce a lot of silver, but are way to expensive to buy for the silver exposure for your portfolio.)
BHP Billiton Ltd (BHP) http://www.bhpbilliton.com/ --'produces 40 mil oz. silver annually from one mine' Additional comments: unfortunately, BHP has a 53 Billion market cap, so we can't buy BHP for the silver exposure. IE, $53 Billion / oh, say, 1000 million?????= $53/oz.
Dear BHP: By all means, keep mining the silver if you want the silver exposure, and want to be in the silver business. But don't sell the silver. Keep it. Let the profits of your entire company accrue as an increasing physical supply of physical silver. In fact, do as Buffett did, and buy more silver if you can. It would be infinitely easier for you to buy silver from yourself than it would be to buy 40 million ounces of silver from the COMEX, which, today, might be impossible.
Grupo Mexico SA de CV (GMBXF.PK) http://www.gmexico.com/indexi.html 651,646,640 shares (2002 annual report) @ share price $3.20 $2085 mil MC "Grupo Mexico ranks as the world's third largest copper producer (copper at $1.12), fourth largest producer of silver and fifth largest producer of zinc." They produced 28.2 million oz. of silver, worth $129 million, in 2002. (P. 5, annual report.) Total value of produced metals: $2527 milllion. (but the company lost money in 2002). They mainly produce copper, 900,000 tons worth $1.5 billion in 2002. Thus, silver, at 2002 prices, is only 5% of their production value. Silver is a by-product for them, not a main product. I don't have silver reserve figures, nor do I see any need to find them or add them, since they are not a primary silver producer, and I don't think anybody would be buying them for the "silver exposure". If we assume 280 mil oz. of silver (ten years reserve for production), then we still don't have anything exciting for the silver alone. $2085 mil MC / 280 = $7.45/oz. cost.
Compania de Minas Buenaventura SA (BVN) Minas Buenaventura NYSE:BVN - Peru´s largest publicly traded precious metals company --produces over 10Moz of silver per year --looks way too expensive for the silver alone: 3.6 Billion market cap. -------------- -------------- --------------
HL (HECLA MINING CO) http://hecla-mining.com/ hmc-info@hecla-mining.com (208) 769-4100 110 mil shares @ $7.50 share $828 million Market Cap (MC) near zero debt, cash: $125 mil (Nov. 2003) (est. 2003 production 9 mil oz. silver) (the La Camorra gold mine, 412,000 oz gold.) ... (x 350/5 = 28 mil silver equivalent oz.) San Sebastian silver mine, (proven & probably reserves) 8.7 mil (produced 3 mil) the Greens Creek silver mine (proven & probably reserves) 31 mil (produced 3 mil) Hecla owns just under 30% of it! the Lucky Friday mine (proven & probably reserves) 14 mil. (produced 2 mil) Total silver = 32 million oz. Plus 412,000 oz. gold x 10 = 4.1 mil oz silver equiv. Total silver equiv. reserves = 36 mil oz. (Since my method values silver in the ground as a key asset, I should also value the cash as a "silver asset" which will be "marked to market" if silver goes up, and cash goes down. If HL is smart, they should be able to turn the cash into increased "silver exposure" either through buying silver properties, silver equities, or physical silver.) ($125 million cash / $6.23/oz = 20 mil "silver equiv" oz.) 20 + 36 = 56 mil oz. $828 mil MC / 56 mil "oz." = $14.78/oz. You get "approx" .42 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver's worth of stock.
Additional comments: HL has been holding large amounts of cash. The "silver value" of that cash has been declining rapidly as silver prices move up. They have lost several million ounces worth of silver by holding dollars, instead of silver. A silver miner has more reason to hold their money in the form of silver than any other corporate entity.
Yes, it's easy to be right "in hindsight". But I'm not calling this from hindsight. I had the foresight to call it right, and time has proven me correct. 20 weeks ago, in my very first silver report, I wrote:
Why hold 113 million dollars worth of cash at the beginning of a bull market in silver? It makes no sense to me. Cash is trash in inflation. They should be buying physical silver, not selling. They could buy 21 million ounces of silver at $5.25 with that cash.
Today, HL still holds all that 113 million in cash, and even more: they are up to 125 million in cash. They should have been holding it in the form of silver bullion. The difference recently was $6.46 - $5.25 = $1.21. $1.21/$5.25 = 23%. 17 weeks ago, they could have bought 21.5 million oz. of silver for their $113 million in cash. Today, they can only buy 17.5 million oz. worth of silver for $113 million. Therefore, they have LOST 21.5 mil - 17.5 mil = 4 million oz. equivalent worth of silver by holding dollars instead of silver bullion. At $6.46/oz., that mistake is like a $26 million dollar loss!
HL has more oz. than listed in the "proven & probable" category used in this calculation. Vein mining makes reserve calculations difficult, and HL has rarely had more than about a 3-4 year picture of reserves ahead of them in 100 years of production.
I have been counting their papar cash as if it could be silver, but it still does not help boost their valuation much. They are still the most expensive company on the list. But if HL bought 19 mil oz. of physical silver, they might break the back of the silver market, and significantly boost their own profitability.
Another way to check the value of HL is too look at profit, since they are active miners. They mine 9 million ounces of silver a year. What's the profit on that today? Very little. They had a loss in the 3rd quarter, 2003. Total "cash costs" are $3.68/oz. (It's that low because that figure includes gold credits!) Profit at $6.30/oz. is $2.62/oz x 9 mil oz. annual production = $23.6 million annual profit. That gives a PE of 35. That's a very high P/E, which means HL is very expensive.
Why does HL hold $125 million dollars worth of cash at the beginning of a bull market in silver? It makes no sense to me. Cash is trash in inflation. They should be buying physical silver, or, use that cash to buy other silver resources in the ground, like the undervalued silver stocks.
OK, here's another way to get a "guesstimate" of HL's reserves. I will assume they have enough silver to last another 20 years of mining. That's a fair enough time for a mine plan I suppose. I suppose they could run out of silver sooner, or later. They produce 9 mil oz. in a year. 9 mil oz. x 20 years = 180 mil oz.
$828 mil MC / 180 mil oz. = $4.60/oz. that you'd pay for the silver in the ground whey buying HL. HL is still expensive, no matter how I run the numbers.
And in 4 months, nobody has been able to rationally justify this high valuation to me, nobody from the company, and not a single email from any investor. I believe that this stock trades on market perception, reputation, and momentum. As for me, I'm not buying such intangibles. I'm buying silver in the ground, real assets, or exploration potential.
CDE (COEUR D'ALENE) http://www.coeur.com coeurir@coeur.com (208) 769-8155 or (800) 624-2824 210 mil shares (Issued 32 mil new shares late Oct. 2003) @ share price $5.45 $1144 mil MC cash $38 mil (I think this is an outdated cash figure) San Bartolome (Bolivia) reserves 146 mil silver Silver Valley Silver reserves 32 mil silver Rochester reserves 43 mil silver Cerro Bayo reserves 3.7 mil silver Total: 224.7 mil silver (to Produce 14.6 mil oz. silver in 2003) $1144 mil MC / 224.7 mil oz = $5.09/oz. You get "approx" 1.22 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver's worth of stock.
The first week of January, CDE announced a deal for $160 million in convertable bonds! Beware of debt!
CDE continued to lose money in third quarter 2003, a loss of 10 cents/share, and they realized low prices for silver sales, $4.77. I believe they have hedged their gold production at low prices.
Again, their listing of ounces is in the "reserves" category (more certain) not the "resources" category, which is less certain. They may have "resources" but like HL and Industrias Penoles, they give no estimates.
IPOAF.PK (INDUSTL PENOLES) http://www.penoles.com.mx 397.5 mil shares outstanding (2002 annual, unchanged since 2001) @ $4.30/share $1,709 mil MC 419 proven and probable reserves of silver (from 2002 annual report on website) $1,709 mil MC / 419 oz. silver = $4.08/oz. You get "approx" 1.52 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver's worth of stock.
Additional comments: Industrias Penoles is the world's top producer of refined silver. They actually derrive more revenue from silver than any other source. But they lost money in 2002.
78.5 million oz. silver refined by the metals division in 2002, and 1 mil oz. gold. They probably refine almost all the silver that comes out of Mexico. They probably produce about 34 mil oz. of silver from their mines annually, and they have expansion plans.
I think Industrias Penoles should stop mining silver if they are doing it at a loss. Basic econ 101, right? Don't engage in uneconomical activity. Perhaps they have a small gain this year with improved prices? Regardless, they should realize that silver in the ground is an asset, and also that silver in the hand is an asset. If they do make a profit, I hope they decide to keep the form of their profits in silver, or at least, pay out a dividend in silver.
I've heard this stock is tightly held, most is family owned.
Their oz. numbers are "proven & probable reserves", which is much more certain than most of the others which are mostly "inferred and indicated resources." They undoubtedly have "inferred and indicated resources" in addition to the "proven & probable reserves," I just could not find any info on that at the website or in the annual report.
ECU.V ECUXF.PK (ECU SILVER MINI) http://www.ecu.qc.ca/indexen.html ecu@ecu.qc.ca (819) 797-1210 fully diluted shares = 103.3 million (6 January 2003) @ share price $.29 Cdn x .75 US/Cdn = $.22 $22 mil MC http://www.ecu.qc.ca/reservesen.html See the url above for the numbers from the company's website, which are: Proven & Probable & Possible: 7.6 mil oz silver, 93,000 gold. = 8.5 million "silver equiv" using my method of counting gold as 10:1 "Potential" total: 21.2 mil oz silver, 221,000 oz. gold. According to my valuation method, that's 2.2 mil oz. of "silver equiv" for the gold, plus the 21.2 mil oz. silver, for a total of 23.4 mil oz. $22 mil MC / 8.5 mil oz. silver equiv. = $2.64/oz. $22 mil MC / 23.4 mil oz. silver equiv. = $.94/oz. --exploration potential You get "approx" 2.3 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver's worth of stock. Exploration potential: 6.6
SIL (APEX SILVER) http://www.apexsilver.com/ information@apexsilver.com (303) 839-5060 45,023,760 ordinary shares outstanding. (Jan 30th press release) @ share price $20.20/share $909 mil MC cash on hand: $205.6 million after Jan 30th share offering. San Cristobal (Bolivia) (proven & probably reserves) 454 mil silver (forecast capital costs for construction to total approximately $435 million) (Produced zero silver in 2002) 7.8 billion pounds of zinc, and 2.9 billion pounds of lead $909 mil MC / 454 mil oz = $2.00/oz. You get "approx" 3.11 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver's worth of stock.
Additional comments: Apex silver primarily has institutional investors.
Apex has a lot of zinc. That's an added bonus that is not factored in to my method of valuation. Several writers have been saying zinc prices will be heading up soon, so that's another bonus. Plenty of zinc is especially good if zinc is moving up in price. And, they are not mining now, but are waiting for higher silver prices. That's also a plus. The management also seems to understand that silver will move upwards a lot. Another plus. Finally, George Soros, Billionaire, owns a bit of this one, just under 10% I read recently. That's a nother plus, in general, for the silver market if Billionaires are paying attention to it. There are several other zinc / silver plays on this list that investors might also consider: CZN.TO, EXR.V, MMGG.OB (I own all three of these, but not SIL.)
* CFTN.PK (CLIFTON MINING) (I own shares) http://www.cliftonmining.com/ clifton@cliftonmining.com 801-756-1414 (303) 642-0659 Ken Friedman 45 mil shares fully diluted (Oct. 2003) @ $2.02/share US $90.9 mil MC http://www.cliftonmining.com/wsreview.htm --source of 100 mil oz. resources est. http://www.cliftonmining.com/resource.htm From: http://www.siliconinvestor.com/stocktalk/subject.gsp?subjectid=13531 "A previous geologist has talked about a possible resource of 1 billion oz. of silver, and 5 million oz. of gold." 100 mil oz. silver +500,000 oz. gold x 10 = 5 mil oz. silver equiv. = 105 mil oz. silver. up to 1000 mil oz. silver "exploration potential". Clifton sold up to 50% of the project to Dumont Nickel for $5 million to be paid over time. 50% x 105 = 52.5 million oz. 50% x 1000 = 500 mil oz. "exploration potential" $90.9 mil MC / 52.5 mil oz. = $1.75/oz. You get "approx" 3.56 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver. Exploration Potential: 34
Additional comments: Note the "exploration potential". If those oz. prove up, it is about 10 times cheaper.
The biotech firm has a patent on a "super" colloidal silver solution made with 10,000 volts that adds oxygen that gives it more powerful antibacterial properties, and is safer since it uses less silver, which would prevent "blue skin" argyria. Normal colloidal silver that you can make at home with 30 volts works to kill bacteria by disrupting the oxygen metabolism of the cell wall, killing bacteria with oxygen. The market for safe antibiotics is in the multi Billions of dollars.
Additional comments: A one property company. The Carmen gold-silver deposit on their Monterde property in the Sierra Madre belt of Chihuahua State, Mexico. Significant exploration potential.
MFN MFL.TO (MINEFINDERS) http://www.minefinders.com/ Shares Outstanding Fully Diluted 34.1 mil @ share price $8.28/share $282 mil MC Cash on hand, Fully Diluted: C$34 million "over 3.5 mil ounces of gold resource and 160 mil ounces of silver" --Dec. '03 silver conversion = 3.5 x 10 = 35 mil + 160 mil oz. silver = 195 mil oz. silver At 70:1 ratio, 3.5 x 70 = 245 "silver equiv" of gold, and 160 mil of silver = 405. 245/405 = 61% of the mineral value is in the gold, 39% silver. At 10:1 ratio, 35/195 = 18% of the mineral value is in the gold, 82% silver. "In addition to the resources already drilled, Minefinders controls a strong portfolio of properties in Nevada, Arizona, and Mexico which have the potential to host new multi-million ounce discoveries over the next few years." $282 mil MC / 195 mil oz. = $1.45/oz. You get "approx" 4.30 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver.
Additional Comments: At 70:1 silver to gold ratio, over half of MFN is in gold, so consider this a significant gold bonus. MFN also now lists their resource figures on their website's main page. I'm sure investors appreciate this. I do.
GRS GAM.TO (GAMMON LAKE) http://www.gammonlake.com/ gammonl@sprint.ca (902) 468-0614 Fully Diluted 58.7 mil shares (Nov 30, 2003) @ share price $4.36 $256 mil MC Completed a $15 million private placement in Nov. 2003, and acquired 100% rights to Ocampo http://biz.yahoo.com/prnews/031211/to086_1.html Total Ocampo Inferred: 1,124,000 oz. gold, 50,438,000 oz. silver Silver equiv = 11.24 mil oz. + 50.44 mil oz. = 62 mil oz. Total Ocampo Measured & Indicated 2,207,800 oz. gold, 108,438,000 oz. silver Silver equiv = 22 mil oz. + 108 mil oz. = 130 mil oz. Total Ocampo Measured & Indicated plus Inferred = 182 mil oz. Gammon owns 27% of Mexgold, MGR Since Mexgold owns 55 mil oz. of "silver equiv", 27% of that is 14.85 (15) mil oz. 182 + 15 = 197 mil oz. $256 mil MC / 197 mil oz. = $1.30/oz. You get "approx" 4.79 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver's worth of stock.
Additional comments: Drill results released Jan 7th: http://biz.yahoo.com/cnw/040107/gammon_lk_drill_rslts_1.html At current prices of a 64:1 silver:gold ratio at $425/oz gold and $6.60/oz silver, the resources are worth $1048 million of silver, and $1411 million worth of gold. Cash cost is $85/oz. Life of mine is 7 years.
* CZN.TO CZICF.PK (CDN ZINC) (I own shares) http://www.canadianzinc.com/ czn@canadianzinc.com 1-866-688-2001 67.3 mil shares fully diluted as of Dec., 2003 (as stated in the proxy, p.8) 79.7 fully diluted shares as of Jan 14th, 2003 @ Share Price $1.39 Cdn x .75 US/Cdn = $1.04 US $83 mil MC $13.5 million cash, Cdn, no debt. not mining ($20 mil needed to finish & start the mine) ($100 mil worth of mining infrastructure in place!) ~70 mil oz. (IN ZONE 3 only!! of 12 zones! This company seems to be greatly under-reporting their silver reserves. Their 18 year mine plan consists of zone 3 only, but there are 12 mineralized zones on the property.) Really, perhaps well over 100 mil oz. silver. $83 mil MC / 70 mil oz. = $1.19/oz. You get "approx" 5.25 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver's worth of stock.
Additional comments: The additional cash means that CZN will now be able to drill and explore more of their property. Although the company is now more costly to buy, it is far less risky, given that they now have $13 million in cash.
CZN likely has much more silver in the ground, and has good profit potential.
I would like the company to privide an estimate of the silver on the rest of their properties, but their mine plan consisted only of zone 3 at the moment. The rest must remain "exploration potential" for now.
To get the mine up and running, they might be able to pay back such debt within 2 years, but I would hope they would avoid debt, and raise the capital as the share price begins to approach US $2/share or more, and do a final public offering between US $2-4/share.
I note several very, very positive things about this company.
1. This was the mining operation set up by the Hunt brothers, the major silver investors in the silver spike to $50/oz. in 1980 who were bankrupted by their own debts and margin calls as a result of the COMEX rule changes and silver short sale manipulation. The Hunts spent $50 million building infrastructure to get the mine running. They were 90% complete when bankruptcy hit. The value of those buildings is now $100 million, and the mine only needs about $20 million (CAN) ($15 mil US) to get the mine up and running. That's much cheaper than other cost estimates of other operations. 2. The 70 million oz. of silver estimate is for zone 3 only. But there are 12 zones on the property. The zone 3 estimate is for a 10 year mine plan that involves mining zone 3 at current metals prices. 3. High Grade ores: 12% zinc/ton; = 240 lbs. zinc/ton x 46 cents/lb. = $110/ton for the zinc. 10.1% lead/ton = 202 lbs. lead/ton x 34 cents/lb. = $69/ton for the lead. 6 oz. silver/ton x $5.95/oz. = $35/ton for the silver. 0.4% copper/ton = 8 lbs. copper/ton x 1.07 cents/lb. = $8.5/ton for the copper. Total: $223/ton! (This price is moving up!) 4. My method of valuation: If I counted the zinc as silver, then the price of this company would be something like four times cheaper than it is based on my "valuation method". If I counted the lead as silver, then this company would be about 4-5 times cheaper. 5. Zinc and base metals prices are moving up strong. 46 cents/lb. for zinc! Check http://www.metalprices.com/ for updates.
Additional Comments: I believe PAAS is one of two silver companies on the list today that is significantly in debt (the other is now CDE).
PAAS recently went into debt in order to ramp up production. I am strongly biased against debt and against producing and selling a valuable asset like silver at today's low prices. But it's a convertible debenture, so the debt can be converted into stock. They know and believe higher silver prices are coming, which is great, and their strategy is to be in solid production mode when the higher price hits.
I think it is extremely important to invest in a company that understands the silver story as reported by Ted Butler, David Morgan, and especially me, because I emphasise the potential of monetary demand. If the company does not understand this, then they are more prone to doing extremely stupid things like perhaps hedging silver at $10/oz. or so, as they will see that as an "unusual spike," instead of the inevitible stopping point on a major rise. What if your silver company decides to lock in silver prices at $8, and hedge years of production to "protect the shareholders and provide exposure to the high $8/oz. price," only to watch silver prices head past $25 and past $50/oz? Your stock could get wiped out in bankruptcy, and your investment could go to zero value! This is the danger of stocks! Your investment is subject to the whims of management!
WARNING: PAAS says at their website that they will hedge silver, in order to finance mine construction. http://panamericansilver.com/s/CorporateProfile.asp "Pan American is loath to give away the upside on any of its silver production, especially at current low metal prices, and will do so only to the minimum extent required as a condition of prudent mine financing."
My opinion is that it is NEVER prudent to go into debt, or lock in silver prices to finance a mine. If PAAS cannot raise capital on the markets by issuing shares, then they should not be financing new mine construction. If the market will not support new mine construction, then the market does not need more silver. PAAS and CDE should learn to trust the free market process, and avoid debt. On July 30th, 2003, PAAS got $75 million in cash from a debenture debt financing deal. http://tinyurl.com/yrv8 On July 30th, 2003, silver was $5.10/oz. http://www.kitco.com/charts/historicalsilver.html
On Jan 9th, silver was $6.46/oz., a $1.36/oz. increase over $5.10, or an increase of 27%
PAAS's "working capital" (or non-working, depreciating, paper dollars) was $92.8 million on Sept. 30, 2003 or 18.19 mil oz. silver equiv. Check the link. http://www.panamericansilver.com/i/pdf/2003_Q3.pdf If PAAS averaged holding $92.8 million dollars from July to Jan 9th, then they lost the equivalent of 27% on their "money". On Jan 9th, $92.8 million at $6.46 can only buy 14.36 million oz. of silver.So, PAAS lost (18.19 - 14.36 = 3.83 mil oz.) which, at $6.46/oz.,is $24.74 million dollar loss worth of silver by holding dollars instead of silver bullion during that time period. Capital spending was only $3.5 million during the third quarter, so they did not need to use the money right away--they should have kept it in the form of silver bullion, obviously.
FSR.TO FSLVF.PK (FIRST SILVER) http://www.firstsilver.com/ info@firstsilver.com (604) 602-9973 or (888) 377-6676 38.6 mil shares fully diluted (Jan 2004) @ share price $1.58 Cdn x .75 US/Cdn = $1.18 US $46 mil MC From the Company's main page at their url: "As at December 31, 2001, First Silver's mineable reserves were 12 million ounces of silver and inferred resources totaled 30 million ounces of silver. The mine is developing a 1000 plus meter exploration drift to upgrade currently identified inferred resources to mineable ore reserves and to discover new reserves." 12 + 30 = 42 mil oz. $46 mil MC / 42 mil oz. = $1.09/oz. You get "approx" 5.72 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver's worth of stock.
Additional comments: This is a high grade, producing miner. The high grades, about 300g/ton, are a plus. They are also actively exploring, another plus.
3rd quarter, 2003, FSR.TO produced 389,154 oz. silver, and 604 oz. gold. and revenue was $2.09 million for the 3rd quarter. They produced at a loss, (a penny per share). They are unhedged, and remain committed to remaining unhedged. WTZ WTC.TO (WESTERN SILVER) http://www.westernsilvercorp.com (formerly western copper) --And copper prices are headed up, too, (copper at $1.12) now. info@westernsilvercorp.com Jay Oness Toll Free: 1-888-456-1112 40.1 mil fully diluted (After Dec. 16th 2003 financing) @ share price $5.44/share $218 mil MC (not actively mining) $16 million in cash in the till (4 mil + 12 mil financing) From the "SNC Lavalin Resource Calculation" March, 2003. Indicated 158.8 mil oz. silver Inferred 54.6 mil oz. silver Total 213.4 oz. silver. Total 1.94 oz. gold x 10 (at 10:1) = 19.4 silver equiv. Got $3 mil CAN cash, no debt. The capital cost to get the mine going is estimated to be US $148 million Penasquito silver/gold. 213 mil oz silver. just over 2 mil oz. gold. from Chile/Colrado zone. Brechia zone will double the numbers, and infilling inferred to indicated: probably in Jan will have 500 mil oz. silver, 5 mil oz gold. Exploration potential: 500 mil oz. silver, 5 mil oz. gold, from http://www.mips1.net/mgn03.nsf/UNID/SBAY-5SUBN6 Two other zones that could each duplicate the success of each of the other two. So up to a Billion... oz. of silver as "exploration potential"! Feasibility: 2006-7 production timeline. $218 mil MC / 233 oz. = $.94/oz. $218 mil MC / 1000 oz. = $.22/oz. --exploration potential You get "approx" 6.65 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver's worth of stock. Exploration Potential = 28
Additional comments: Note the capital cost to get the mining started: $148 million dollars. WTZ also has the following other metal resources: 3.73 billion pounds of zinc 673 million pounds of copper 1.3 billion pounds of lead
* TM.V TUMIF.OB (TUMI RSCS) (TUY Frankfurt Exchange) (I own shares) http://www.tumiresources.com nicolaas@attglobal.net Nick Nicolaas IR (604) 657 4058 23.7 fully diluted shares (Dec. 2003) @ share price 1.15 CAN x .75 US/Cdn = $.86 US $20 mil MC 20 mil oz resource up to 50 million oz. silver potential but needs to be explored and drilled. 500,000 gold resource x 10 = 5 mil oz. silver equiv. Debt free, 2 projects in Mexico. Raised $2.7 million Nov. 14, 2003 $20 mil MC / 25 mil oz. = $.82/oz. ***I'm using this number*** $20 mil MC / 50 mil oz. = $.41/oz. (exploration potential) You get "approx" 7.61 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver's worth of stock. Exploration Potential: 15 (plus more after bonanza silver discovery late November.)
Additional comments: Tumi soared in late November, after the company announced a bonanza grade silver discovery after drilling. This should significantly increase the numbers for their "exploration potential", but no word yet on the increase. It takes time for the geologists to estimate all of that, but investors went crazy over it immediately.
Tumi is focused on becoming a "premiere junior silver explorer." It's good to see the focus is in the right metal. Doing active drilling to prove up their projects and increase "resources". Nick Nicolaas really understands the silver story, beliving silver has much greater appreciation potential than gold.
Look at: Tinka TK.V (tumi's sister company) A pretty big gold/copper property in Peru (Tumi owns 30% of it)... That could mean significantly increased assets for Tumi.
I own shares of TM.V.
SSRI (SILVER STD RSC) http://www.silver-standard.com/ paull@silverstandard.com (604) 689-3856 or (888) 338-0046 41 mil shares (Oct. 2003) + 4.4 mil shares, Jan 19th PP. 45.4 mil shares (or more), Jan 19th, 2004 @ share price $11.15/share $506 mil MC debt free, cash: $Cdn 60 mil not mining or producing 15 silver properties measured and indicated resources totaling 300.4 million ounces of silver plus inferred resources totaling 366 million ounces of silver = 666 mil oz. 2.2 mil oz. gold. Silver equiv = 22 mil oz. silver. (22+666=688 mil oz.) $506 mil MC / 688 mil oz. = $.74/oz. You get "approx" 8.47 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver's worth of stock.
I believe this is extremely bullish for SSRI and the entire silver market sector. The price for a unit was Cdn $14.80 (with a half warrant), (or about US $11.54).
This is extremely bullish for SSRI, because investors should trust the decision of the buying power of Cdn $43 million. Big money wants into the silver market! Current SSRI investors can have Cdn $43 million worth of confidence that the share price may exceed the warrant price of Cdn $18.50/share or about US$14.43!
What will SSRI do with all that money? Their best option is to buy more silver properties, or acquire other silver junior exploration companies. In the press release, SSRI stated, "The company continues to review potential silver project acquisitions..." They may buy out some of the other junior silver stocks on this list! Their second best option is to buy physical silver in between now, and the time when they buy properties or choose to develop their properties to production. Either way they spend this money will be beneficial for the entire silver sector.
SSRI really is the "silver standard". SSRI has the largest market cap this far down the list, which makes it a more attractive target for people with larger amounts of money to invest.
SSRI continues to add to reserves, either through exploring, or through acquisitions. This company seems to really understand the silver story, and helped to educate me as an investor.
I attended a two hour SSRI presentation after the Gold show in SF in late November. For the most part, their properties are very well drilled, and they have a fairly solid idea on how much silver oz. in the ground they have. They started their plan to acquire silver properties and become a "silver company" in about 1993, which explains why they have such a large market cap, and so many good properties with so many ounces of silver.
Some investors like SSRI because of the diversification --SSRI owns many silver properties. I say you can get a similar kind of diversification by owning stock in many silver companies.
ORM.V (OREMEX RES) (no PK symbol yet?) http://www.oremex.com/s/Home.asp info@oremex.com Fully Diluted: 24,012,928 @ share price $.95 x .75 US/Cdn = .71 $17 mil MC Have $5 million cash in the bank as of Dec. 2003. holds the right to acquire a 100% interest in six mineral properties in Mexico. Oremex will focus on the exploration and development of the Tejamen Silver Property and the San Lucas Silver Property. They are hoping to explore for up to 100 mil oz. silver by drilling over the next year. --Experienced team of geologists and managment that have put other properties into production: Anthony R. Harvey, Chariman, has put 14 properties into production in his 40 year career. http://www.oremex.com/s/TejamenSilver.asp?ReportID=68653 for an inferred resource of 8.4 million metric tons at a grade of 89 g/t Silver (2.86 opt) and 0.2g/t Gold (0.006 opt). 2.86 x 8.4 = 24 mil oz. silver at Tejamen (one of six properties) $17 mil MC / 24 mil oz. = $.71/oz. $17 mil MC / 100 mil oz. = $.17/oz. --exploration potential You get "approx" 8.77 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver's worth of stock. Exploration Potential: 37
MGR.V MGRSF.PK (MEXGOLD RSCS) http://www.mexgold.com/ 18.7 mil shares outstanding @ share price $2.41 Cdn x .75 US/Cdn = $1.81 US $34 mil MC inferred resource: 45 mil oz. silver + 1 mil oz gold. 1 mil oz. gold = + 10 mil oz. silver equiv "The estimate does not address significant additional mineralized structures known to be present on the property, or the potential for large strike extensions of known high-grade zones." $34 mil MC / 55 mil oz. = $.61/oz. You get "approx" 10.14 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver's worth of stock.
* SRLM.PK (STERLING MINING) (I own shares) http://www.sterlingmining.com/ RDemotte@aol.com Ray DeMotte 208/676-0599 just under 10 mil shares fully diluted @ share price $11.40 $114 mil MC Cash on hand: $1.1 million (an increase, reflecting the increased number of shares from 7 to 9 million) ~185 mil oz. reserves + resource, Sunshine alone Quote from: http://www.sterlingmining.com/jun112003.html "The prior operator last estimated the mine reserves at 26.75 million ounces of silver, 10.36 million pounds of copper and 7.05 million pounds of lead (or approximately 28.85 million ounces of silver-equivalent), as well as an additional resource of 159.66 million ounces of silver. " ~100 mil oz. other properties: the 10 sq. miles around the 1/2 sq mile of the Sunshine (rough guess--needs to be explored) even though--these extra 100 mil oz. are in the "explorer" category. They need to be drilled and found, although I've heard of estimates as high as 400 mil oz. total for SRLM.PK $114 mil MC / 185 mil oz. = $.62/oz. $114 mil MC / 500 mil oz. = $.23/oz. (exploration potential) You get "approx" 10 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver's worth of stock. (Exploration potential is 27. )
Additional comments: I wrote an article on SRLM in late Dec. See: Sterling Mining
Ray DeMotte really, really understands the silver story, and has been aggressively acquiring silver properties. Sterling continues to consolidate its land position around the Sunshine mine.
Sterling Mining acquired the Sunshine mine. Sunshine was one of the big three: Hecla, Couer, & Sunshine. Sunshine went bankrupt. Sterling got the property a few months ago cheap, because they were quick & willing to pay cash. Other buyers wanted to do a full study before making an offer. This company's share price went ballistic as a result. But the company is still way undervalued. Just do the math, people. I own a substantial share of SRLM.PK There were a few great articles written lately for SRLM. See the company web site, above. The best factors, I feel, are as follows: 1. The Sunshine mine is an existing mine that was mining at a profit. The company went bankrupt, not the mine. So there will be no great capital costs for start up, only minimal costs. 2. The Sunshine sits on 1/2 sq. mile, and was never fully explored. Sterling Mining owns 10 square miles of property surrounding the Sunshine, right in the heart of silver country, the location of CDE and HL, the other two big companies at the top of this list. 3. The management of Sunshine understands the silver story. They are on a mission to acquire distressed silver properties at today's cheap prices. See also: December 14, 2003: "In light of the continued low silver price, Sterling has this year begun holding back into inventory a portion of this year's silver coins minted."
I own shares of SRLM.PK
FAN.TO FRLLF.PK (FARALLON RSCS) http://www.farallonresources.com/fan/Home.asp (604) 684-6365 Erick Bertsch 73.8 mil shares fully diluted as of Oct 31, 2003 @ share price $1.05 Cdn x .75 US/Cdn = $.79 US $58 mil MC Exploration and development in Mexico. See also hdgold.com (Hunter-Dickinson) On 4 sulphide deposits out of 16, 29 mil ton grading 89 grams silver/t and 1.57 g gold/t. Conversion: 89 grams x .0353 oz/gram = 3.14 oz. RE: those 29 mil tons, they "anticipate increasing resources to 50 mil tonne range..." 3.14 oz. x 29 mil tons = 91 mil oz. silver 1.6 mil oz. gold x 10 = 16 mil oz "silver equiv". Total: 107 mil oz. silver equiv. (Exploration potential = x 1.7 = 181) $58 mil MC / 107 mil oz. silver equiv. = $.54/oz. $58 mil MC / 181 mil oz. silver equiv. = $.32/oz. --exploration potential You get "approx" 11.5 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver's worth of stock. Exploration potential = 19
Additional comments:
Nothing done or drilled on the property since 1999. Why not? Because of low zinc prices: 46% of the price of the metals was in the zinc before prices crashed... (This one reminds me of Canadian Zinc. They think they are a zinc company.) The largest componant today is gold, which was surprising to Eric, the IR guy I spoke with. About 1/3 is in silver now.
At today's low metals prices: 2% x 2000 lb = 40 lbs zinc x $.42/lb = $16.8 for the zinc (.37 to .50 lb zinc.) 3.14 oz. x $5.15 = $16 for the silver. .055421 oz. x $385/oz. = $21 for the gold (Assuming 100% metals recovery--which is not likely to be the case. It may range from 60% to a higher percentage, depending on extraction methods used and the particular mineral targeted, which constantly change with technology advancements, and price changes in the metals. By the time a mine like this gets running, perhaps in 5 years or so, things may change to allow even greater metal recovery.)
Speaking with FAN.TO guys, they think reserves of ore could be 50 mil tonnes OR MORE, but that they really don't know, and want to issue conservative estimates. DNI.V DMNKF.PK (DUMONT NICKEL) http://www.dumontnickel.com info@dumontnickel.com (416) 595-1195 56.4 mil shares outstanding @ share price $.53/share x .75 US/Cdn = $.40 $22 mil MC Dumont still needs to raise and pay several million to clifton for 50% of the project. (I don't really understand the complexities of this JV agreement.) $22 mil MC / 52.5 million oz. = $.43/oz. You get "approx" 14.6 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver's worth of stock.
Additional comments: Clifton's JV partner, doing active drilling work right now. And recent property acquisitions. * EXR.V EXPTF.PK (EXPATRIATE RECS) (I own shares) http://www.expatriateresources.com/ info@expatriateresources.com 1-877-682-5474 Dr. Harlan D. Meade, President and CEO 82 mil shares fully dulted. (Dec, 2003) @ share price .45 Cdn x .75 US/Cdn = $.34 $28 mil MC $1.2 mil CAN capital in the til no debt. Mostly a base metals company: Zinc. Also has some silver & gold. Total metal content of the six projects with resources... "Using current metal prices, the gross metal value of Expatriate's interest in the base metals in the properties is approximately US$1.56 billion as compared to US$540 million for its share of the silver and gold." Metal: Expatriate share of the project: Zinc 2.67 billion lbs. Copper 385 million lbs. Lead 202 million lbs. Silver 63.1 million oz. Gold 426,700 million oz. Gold x 10 = 4.3 mil "silver equiv". $28 mil MC / 67.4 oz. silver = $.41 You get "approx" 15.2 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver's worth of stock.
Additional comments: Significant zinc bonus, about 3 times the silver value. Smelter credits are estimated at about 60% zinc, 25% silver, 10% gold and copper, and the rest, other minerals. My method of valuation puts a value on the silver only, not the rest, so this is a significantly better value than my number shows.
If you call Dr. Harlan D. Meade, President and CEO 1-877-682-5474, ask him to send you an information packet on EXR.V. It contains a good report on why he is bullish on zinc.
I own shares of EXR.V.
* SVL.V STVZF.PK (SILVRCRST MINES) (I own shares) http://www.silvercrestmines.com/ info@silvercrestmines.com (604) 691-1730 24.2 fully diluted Nov. 21, 2003 (pub float: 8.93 mil, the rest is owned by insiders) @ share price $1.51 Cdn x .75 US/Cdn = $1.13 US $27 mil MC Indicated resources of silver 30 mil oz. Projects in Honduras. Silver totals are projected to be: 75 - 135 mil oz. (not 43-101 compliant) $27 mil MC / 75 = $.36/oz. $27 mil MC / 135 = $.20/oz. You get "approx" 17 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver's worth of stock. (Exploration potential = 31 oz.)
I believe this is a great development. The stock hit a high of $1.81 Cdn a few weeks back even before they acquired these two projects!
They have been and will be acquiring more silver properties with the money raised in the late November 2003 private placement, which I think is an outstanding way to spend the money.
I own shaers of SVL.V
HDA.V (HUSIF pink sheets symbol?) (HULDRA SILVER) no website Phone: Magnus 1 (604) 261-6040 6.924 million shares out (fully diluted) @ share price $.55/share x .75 US/Cdn = US $.41 $2.8 mil MC no debt HDA's proven and probable reserves stand at 161,000 tons of ore grading an average 25.6 ounces per ton silver, and 10 percent combined lead/zinc -- 4.12 mil oz silver, not including the zinc & lead. According to Magnus, the indicated and inferred reserves total about 180,000 tons at about the same grading -- in other words, a further 4 million ounces of silver. ~8 mil oz. silver $2.8 mil MC / 8 mil oz. silver = $.35/oz. You get "approx" 17.5 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver's worth of stock.
Additional comments: There is a significant lead/zinc bonus. "The property could be put into production at a capital cost of Cdn $3.5 million -- with payback of capital (when equity financed) within two years."
* ADB.V ADBRF.PK (ADMIRAL BAY RSCS) http://www.admiralbay.com/ info@admiralbay.com 604 628 5642 -- Curt Huber-- Business Development 31.4 mil shares to possibly be fully dilluted. as of Oct 17, 2003 @ share price $1.30 Cdn x .75 US/Cdn = $.975 US $30.6 mil MC They have $6 million cash. --owns an option to earn 70% interest in "Miera San Jorge's Monte del Favor property in Mexico" "An historical resource estimate based on underground sampling at Monte Del Favor is reported at 17 million tonnes grading 0.85 g/t gold and 224 g/t silver for a contained 123 million ounces of silver and 460,000 ounces of gold." "While this resource estimate is not fully 43-101 compliant, the Company considers that it provides a conceptual indication of the potential of the property." 460,000 x 10 = 4.6 mil "silver equiv". 127.6 mil oz. x 70% interest = 89.3 mil oz. $30.6 mil MC / 89.3 mil oz. = $.34/oz. You get "approx" 18.2 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver's worth of stock.
Additional comments: Prior grades hit 2-5 kilos silver/ ton. (2000-5000g/ton. 70-176 oz. ton) Very high grades. The project was never properly drilled with modern methods.
Admiral Bay acquired this option to own a 70% interest in this silver property in June, 2003, and the acquisition did not impact their stock price at that time at all. Previously, they were a gas company, and they still have this other gas project, which may be more than half the intrinsic value of the company according to Curt Huber, who understands the silver story as expressed by Ted Butler and David Morgan.
My valuation method, obviously, does not give any value for their gas project, which therefore needs to be factored in as a significant "bonus". The company will probably split up the two projects into two companies, so existing shareholders will have shares of each.
They are actively digging, drilling, and releasing results in press releases.
I own shares of ADB.V.
* ASM.V ASGMF.PK (AVINO SILV GOLD) http://www.avino.com/ shares@avino.com 604 682-3701 -- David Wolfin 10.9 mil shares fully diluted, Nov. 2003 (with the 4 mil new shares from PP) (proposed PP in late Oct 2 mil units at $1.27 (unit = 1 share + 1 warrant at 1.58) @ share price $2.10 Cdn x .75 US/Cdn = $1.60 US $17.4 mil MC from: http://www.avino.com/other/goldstock100197.html --in 1997 "How Much Silver Does Avino Have?" "Operations at Avino's silver mine in Mexico are both open-pit and underground. I examined the reserves and interpolated the tonnage into silver ounces as follows: 28-million ounces proven; 50-million ounces probable and 27 million ounces possible." (Not all are 43101 compliant reserves & resources.--that is an old, third party report.) --focus is on being silver company. A plus. They actually have over five silver properties/projects. I'm only have numbers to count for one, the "Avino mine". = 28 + 50 + 27 = 105 Avino owns 49% of that, or 51.5 mil oz. -"not considered reserves under the new Canadian National Policy 43-101" $17.4 mil MC / 51.5 mil oz. = $.34/oz. You get "approx" 18.3 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver's worth of stock.
Additional notes: There are 4 additional silver properties that I don't have numbers for. Consider this a "silver bonus"!!!
Mexican mining law once stated that a controlling interest had to be owned by Mexicans, which explains why they only have a 49% interest. That they don't have a controlling interest is a minus. This law has changed. The mine was operational until the mine went into temporary closure in November 2001. So there is in place an existing mine, with working infrastructure, which is a bonus. There is a need for drilling in order to test the potential that was stated in the feasibility study.
I own shares of ASM.V
CHD.V CHDSF.PK (CHARIOT RSCS) http://www.chariotresources.com/ 45 mil shares fully diluted October 2003 @ share price $.30 x .75 US/Cdn = $.23 US $10.1 mil MC Cello Ccasa (1 project of 4) Resource Estimate - August 2002 31.4 mil oz. silver, 134,000 oz. gold. (x 10 = 1.3) 32.7 mil oz. (Still much exploration work to do.) $10.1 mil MC / 32.7 mil oz. = .31/oz. You get "approx" 20.12 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver's worth of stock.
* MNMM.OB (MINES MGMT) (I own shares) http://www.minesmanagement.com/ info@minesmanagement.com (509) 838 6050 Doug Dobbs 10.1 mil shares fully diluted as of the Sept. 3 pp that closed. @ share price $5.90 $60 mil MC 261 mil oz. silver resources. Previous drilling spent over $100 million drilling the property. $60 mil MC / 261 mil = $.23/oz. You get "approx" 27 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver's worth of stock.
Additional comments: As copper moves up 5 cents/lb., it adds $100 million to the value of the deposit.
Mines Management owned 10% of the rights to their property in Montana. The other 90% owner, Noranda, simply gave up on the property and walked away from their mining claim due to "perpetually" low silver prices and political concerns. That explains the rocketing share price. So, the MNMM group got 90% of the rest of the property FOR FREE!--the value of which, and the nature of this transaction has just barely begun to be understood by the market, given the low relative price.
Their property also has about 60% of the value (at current prices) in copper (copper at $1.12/lb.), 2 Billion pounds of copper, and 261 mil oz. of silver. Doing the math: 261 mil oz. silver x $6.33/oz. = $1.652 Billion. 2 Billion lbs copper x 1.12/lb. = $2.24 Billion. Total value of mineralization before costs to extract: $3.9 Billion.
Copper continues to move up. It's (copper at $1.12/lb.). now, and analysts are beginning to recommend copper plays. MNMM is both copper and silver! (Also, consider Western Silver formerly Western Copper) Someday soon, investors are going to rush into copper opportunities, if they are not already. Mines Management will benefit from this.
They do not have an active working mine--which is a minus. They will need to raise capital to get a mine going. Noranda had several estimates for the cost to build a mine and mill, around $250 million. But it could be less depending on how economic they decide to do things. They are working on a feasibility study, and avoiding excessive dilution, which is a plus.
Regarding environmental concerns: Noranda had a fully approved Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) that led to successful project permitting, so environmental concerns were not a factor in their departure in 2002.
UNCN.OB (UNICO INC) http://www.uncn.net/ Ray Brown, 530-873-4394 70 mil shares @ share price $.11 /share $8 mil MC Three main properties: Bromide-- 372,000 ounces of gold? Silver Bell--15 mil oz silver? Deer Trail --287,000 ounces of gold and 27 million ounces of silver... but the lease on the Deer Trail will expire June 1 2004, so they need to raise significant money. 49 mil oz. total. $8 mil MC / 49 mil oz. = .16/oz. You have an expiring lease on "approx" 39 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver's worth of stock.
Additional comments: They need $4 million to exercise their option to buy the "Deer Trail" property. They are considering various options on how to do that. Ray Brown has been in this business a long time, and is excited that he's got a bunch of younger guys working on the property now, and he's encouraged by the upward direction of the price of precious metals.
Explorers deserve their own category, since they cannot be valued by my method of looking at reserves and resources of ounces of silver in the ground. We do not know how many oz. they might have. They are exploring for that.
This list, although at the bottom, in no way indicates that these companies are more highly valued than companies listed above. It is also difficult to categorize a company as an explorer, since all silver companies always hold more silver properties that need to be explored.
(The order is by largest market cap first, not by "comparative value".)
III.TO IPMLF.PK (IMPERIAL METALS) http://www.imperialmetals.com/s/Home.asp Sabine Goetz, Investor Relations - 604.488.2657 Fully Diluted 27,735,000 with Nov. 6th 2003 Private Placement @ share price $5.60 x .75 US/Cdn = $4.20 $116 mil MC
Additional comments: III.TO raised $10 million in the Nov. 6th private placement.
IMR.V IMXPF.OB (IMA EXPL) http://www.imaexploration.com 45 mil Fully Diluted shares (Jan 15th) from Jan 29th press release) @ share price $2.50 Cdn x .75 US/Cdn = $1.875 U.S $84 mil MC $4.5 million cash
Additional comments: This explorer has found bonanza high grades in Argentina, which many people consider to be an outstanding benefit, and they are willing to pay much more for such high grades. Drilling is now underway (Nov. 26th)
Here's some commentary on IMR.V from the Yahoo! board at CDE. A man thinks IMR.V may have up from 200 million to a billion oz. of silver in the ground. If true, then at 84 mil MC, that gives a price per oz. of $.42 to $.08 /oz. But the company should be issuing these estimates, not annonymous people on chat boards.
TVI.TO TVIPF.PK (TVI PACIFIC) http:// www.tvipacific.com Dianne (IR) Phone: (403) 265-4356 = 344 mil fully diluted Oct. 7th, 2003 @ share price $.30 Cdn x .75 US/Cdn = $.225 US $77.4 mil MC "The company has a policy of not hedging or entering into forward sales contracts." Cash flow positive. !!! --> + 2.5 % royalty on "Rapu Rapu" that should be worth about $1 million per year starting within 9-12 months. (a cash source for an explorer is a big plus) 14 projects in the Philippines. Producing a dore bar of 96% silver and 4% gold from Canatuan project with the following: Total silver = 7.1 mil oz silver Total gold = 182,000 oz. gold x 10 (@10:1) = 1.8 mil oz silver equiv. Total silver equiv (Canatuan) = 8.9 mil oz. + they own a drilling company with 20 rigs. + they have a "foot in the door" in China. + many other promising exploration properties in the Asian Pacific. $77.4 mil MC
Additional comments: This company exploded in price from 16 cents to 23.5 cents when they announced that they would be mining in China: "TVI Pacific Inc. Receives Landmark Approval for Wholly Foreign-Owned Enterprise (WFOE) Status From Chinese Government". see http://tinyurl.com/vwbw
They are primarily a silver explorer. The bonus is they are a producer, and likely are cash flow positive, which are both extremely rare for an explorer. In fact, the other producers mostly all lose money!
FCO.TO FCACF.PK (FORMATION CAPTL) (I own shares) http://www.formcap.com/frhome.htm inform@formcap.com 604-682-6229 Over 150 mil fully diluted, Dec. 2003 @ .68/share x .75 US/Cdn = $.51 $76 mil MC (Recently completed $10 million financing) Very large cobolt property: 1-3 million tons of 0.60% cobalt equivalent Cobalt prices are racing ahead, up to $33/lb. see http://www.metalprices.com/ 2000 lbs/ton x 0.6% = 12 lbs/ton x $29.50/lb. = $354/ton (rich ore) Cobolt is $29.50/lb. recently, up from $9/lb. Formation Capital owns the Sunshine Silver Refinery (near Sterling Mining), worth $50 million. Break even cost $5-6/lb cobolt. The Idaho Cobalt Project is projected to produce 1,500 tonnes of cobalt per annum. = 3,000,000 lbs. production x about $20/lb profit? = about $60 mil profit/year??? FCO.TO also owns a few minor silver projects. The cobolt project needs more drilling, and with recent financing, things look bright. Formation capital will be re-starting the Sunshine Silver Refinery.
I own shares of FCO.TO
EZM.V EZMCF.PK (EUROZINC MINING) http://www.eurozinc.com/ Fully Diluted: 224,194,196 @ share price .44 Cdn x .75 US/Cdn = $.33 $74 mil MC
Additional comments: Eurozinc does have significant silver.
* CDU.V CUEAF.PK (CARDERO RSCS) (I own shares) http://www.cardero.com/ Henk Van Alphen -- President (604) 408-7488 32 million shares fully diluted Dec. 11th , 2003 @ share price $2.58 Cdn x .75 US/Cdn = $1.93 US $62 mil MC ($10 million Cdn cash in the till after $5.9 mil private placement closed on Dec. 11th) Speculated resources, or "exploration potential": Providencia -- high grades, could have 100-250 mil oz. Chingolo -- Will finish drilling by secnod week in November -- Henk says, "may have 400-600 mil oz. "exploration potential" in 200-300 mil tons of rock." They got 30-40 grams (1.23 oz.) on the first drill hole, but hope to find 2-3 ounces silver/ton. Please note, "exploration potential" is a non quantifiable, non-regulated, unauthorized type of estimate. It is not 43-101 compliant. Trading decisions should probably not be made on these kinds of shaky estimates, which may be only hype and hope. An investor who wants to be protected by US regulations should wait for geologists to pour over the drill results and produce numbers that comply with 43-101 regulations, that may one day appear in a company press release. (Also, the first time Cardero issued drilling results earlier this year, the stock price was cut almost in half due to lower than expected results. The stock price has since recovered.) Nevertheless, here's how those "exploration potential" numbers work out if you do the math: $62 mil MC / 500 mil oz exploration potential = $.124/oz. $62 mil MC / 850 mil oz exploration potential = $.073/oz. Exploration potential: you might get about 51 - 86 oz. silver for one oz. silver worth of stock.
Cardero has three properties in Argentina; actively working on two: Chingolo and Providencia. Chingolo was just measured as twice as large as previously thought. They are trying to prove up these properties.
Providencia also has potentially high grades in several very large conglomerate deposits that can be mined at a profit today. Their property at Providencia was an active mine, but only a few tons/day. But they hope to make a large open pit project out of the main deposit, processing perhaps a few thousand tons/day.
High grades are very important in today's environment, especially if you can buy them cheaply.
They are also acquiring more silver properties, which is another bonus. This is an aggressive silver company. More properties help to alleviate the risk of an explorer.
I own shares of CDU.V
* AOT.V ASOLF.PK (ASCOT RSCS) (I own shares) http://www.bmts.bc.ca/aot/ 1 604 684 8950 39.7 fully diluted. (Nov 2003) @ $.30/share x .75 US/Cdn = .228 $9.05 mil MC (US) ---- Additional comments: They own 5.82 million shares and 388,000 warrants of Cardero at $.35, which have a greater asset value than their market cap.
5.82 mil shares x $1.94 = $11.29 mil (US) $1.94 - .228 = $1.71 x 388,000 = $664,000 (US) = $12 million (US) worth of Cardero $12 mil Cardero / $9 mil MC Ascot = 1.33 (Inverse: Ascot's share price is 75% of the value of their Cardero Stock)
The value of Cardero Stock, although an asset, it is not like cash, nor silver. That much stock is far less liquid. Ascot might have serious trouble selling that much Cardero stock all at once in the current market. I suppose Ascot is discounted to reflect the reduced liquidity. This helps to explain why private placements go out at about 80% of the stock price (20% cheaper), due to the lack of liquidity.
Nevertheless, this looks like a great opportunity for people who cannot afford Private Placements, since the share price is 75% of the value of their holdings of Cardero Stock. It's rare when you can buy a company with a market cap of less value than their assets.
(I'm listing this one out of order, not by market cap, and next to Cardero, because of their position in Cardero.)
I own shares of AOT.V
MCAJF.PK (MACMIN LTD) http://www.macmin.com.au/ 376 mil shares @ share price $ .16 $60 mil MC "Total Inferred Resource is 34.5 million ozs silver but the district is unexplored for epithermal silver and exploration to date suggests a district potential of 50 to 100m ozs Ag or perhaps much more." --"Macmin is a silver focussed company" The Texas Silver Project has in-ground resources of 44.5Moz of silver equivalent $60 mil MC / 50 mil oz. = $1.20 oz. $60 mil MC / 100 mil oz. = $.6 oz. ***using this number*** since we are counting these as explorers in this categorgy. You might get up to 10.4 oz of silver for one oz silver's worth of stock
MAG.V MSLRF.PK (MAG SILVER) http://www.magsilver.com 28 mil fully diluted shares (Nov. 19, 2003) @ share price $2.20 Cdn x .75 US/Cdn = US $1.65 $46 mil MC
--"MAG Silver Corporation enters the silver market as a powerful force. MAG combines a seasoned management team with two drill-ready geological extensions of high-grade world class producing districts. MAG controls 100% of the Juanicipio property adjacent to the Fresnillo District in central Mexico, currently producing over 12% of the world's silver from high grade underground vein structures."
The geologist, Peter K.M Megaw, is also working with EXN.V, another high grade silver project. Peter's philosophy was that it makes sense to go after very high grade silver projects that will be profitable regardless of the silver price.
CAUCF.PK (CALEDON RES) http://www.caledonresources.com/ Shares Outstanding - 180,721,142 @ .25 at Yahoo! (Mining in China) $45 mil MC
MAI.V MNEAF.OB (MINERA ANDES) http://minandes.com/ ircanada@minandes.com (604) 689-7017 73 mil fully diluted as of Nov. 2003 @ share $.57 Cdn x .75 US/Cdn = $.43 US $31 mil MC To raise $6.6 mil in recent financing. owns 49% of the resource: "55 mil silver equiv. oz. resource" back in 2001. AT 60:1 silver:gold when gold was about $300/oz., about half/half silver and gold. Estimated: 27.5 mil oz silver Estimated: 27.5 mil oz. "silver equiv" of gold. / 6 = 4.58 mil oz. silver equiv at 10:1 ratio. Total: 27.5 + 4.6 = 32 mil oz. silver equiv. (x .49 (they own 49%) = 15 mil oz.) They will be exploring for more. 2.2 km stretch, open another 2.7, plus 3 other vein systems. significant high grade silver exploration potential. 7000 meters of diamond drilling. Plus a copper project, billion ton ore deposit. $31 mil MC / 15 mil = $2.00/oz. You get "approx" 3 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver's worth of stock.
Additional comments: About half is gold value, half is silver value at 60:1. Minera Andes has several significant bonuses that my method is not valuing properly. First, I undercount the gold, of course, so consider there is a "gold bonus" at current gold prices. Second, they will be doing significant exploration work to increase their resources, and they have recently raised the money to be able to pay for that exploration work. Third, they have a copper project, and copper prices are rising. I moved MAI.V to the explorers list to be more fair to their valutation.
* NPG.V NVPGF.PK (NEVADA PAC GOLD) (I own shares) http://www.nevadapacificgold.com/ dhottman@nevadapacificgold.com (604) 646-0188 David Hottman = 43 mil shares fully diluted (Nov 26th, 2003 including recent PP) @ share price $.95 Cdn x .75 US/Cdn = $.71 US $30 mil MC (up to $10 million cash in the til from recent PP) Amador Canyon Silver Project: 50-250 mil tonnes silver grades average 4 oz. sil/ ton in the deposit = 200 to 1000 mil oz. silver????? --very speculative at this point. Drilling needs to be done. $30 mil MC / 200 mil oz. = $.153/oz. $30 mil MC / 1000 mil oz. = $.03/oz. The inverse: you "might" get 41 - 207 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver.
Additional comments: NPG.V has 10 gold projects, and one silver-but it may be big. The Chariman, David Hottman, says that 90% of the value of the company is in gold, NOT silver, and yet, I'm buying this company for the silver value only, and as if the gold componant was worth nothing. (The gold projects are a free bonus, in my book, and help to alleviate the risk of this explorer.)
Explorer in Nevada. They do not really know how much silver they might they have in the Amador Canyon project. They are doing drilling this fall, 2003, as they just did a $2.5 million private placement, and another $10 million private placement in late November. On the website, for David Hottman's bio, it says he was a founding member of Eldorado gold. "During his tenure, Eldorado's market capitalization grew from Cdn $7 million in 1992 to a peak of Cdn $781 million in 1996." Please note, exploration is risky, and costly.
Now that they are well-capitalized with over $10 million dollars, this company will likely do very well as they drill and prove up the deposits across all their properties.
NPG.V recently acquired two more gold properties, producers that collectively produced 45,000 oz. gold per year, that will contribute positively to the bottom line, and provide the income to develop and explore their Nevada gold properties. An explorer with income may mean less dilution in the future, and significantly better returns for shareholders. http://biz.yahoo.com/ccn/040107/e2092fcd7484fe968a63b27a2a72060c_1.html
I own shares of NPG.V
MMM.TO MMAXF.PK (MINCO MINING) http://www.mincomining.com/ investor-info@mincomining.ca 1-888-288-8288 Fully Diluted Issued & Outstanding 23,133,623 @ $1.65 x .75 US/Cdn = $1.24 $28 mil MC Located in China 2 gold projects and 1 silver (42% owned). Explorer $28 mil MC
* OTMN.PK (O.T. MINING) (I own shares) http://www.otmining.com/ info@otmining.com Jim Hess Tel: 514-935-2445 8 mil fully diluted. @ share price $2.90/share $23.2 mil MC Montana May have over 600 mil oz. exploration potential. (They think their deposit may be bigger than "the richest hill on earth", which is located near their property. Visit the url.) $23.2 mil MC / 600+ mil oz. = .039/oz. Exploration potential: you "might" get 161 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver.
I own shares of OTMN.PK
* MMGG.OB (METALLINE MINE) (I own shares) http://www.metalin.com/site_map.html metalin@attglobal.net Merlin Bingham 208-665-2002 14 mil shares fully diluted (Oct 23, 2003) insiders buying on 9-10-2003 at about $1.30/share insiders buying on 12-01-2003 at $1.66/share @ share price $1.64 US $23 mil MC
Additional Comments: Zinc & Silver in Mexico: Sierra Mojada. Sierra Mojada is a Silver District! Silver: Historic production was 10 mil tons of high grade ore... historic silver production went right "direct shiped" to the smelter, non-milled. It contained 500-1000 grams silver/ton, or 17.65 to 35 oz. ton. This means 170-353 million ounces of historic "high grading," non-milled, production. (Who knows how much silver is left?) That's the question with an explorer.
Zinc: Very high grades: 11.8% zinc. Potentially the lowest production cost in the entire zinc industry due to new "oxide deposit" chemical extraction process as revolutionary as "heap leaching". Exploring for up to 4 Billion pounds zinc.
Project ownership: MMGG terminated the buy-in agreement with Penoles, who went into default, so MMGG now owns 100% of the project! See http://biz.yahoo.com/bw/031203/35526_1.html
I believe this is very good for MMGG, since the Penoles agreement made it more difficult to quantify the value the company. Now, it is easier to value the company, and the existing shareholders will own more of the project and profits. It is important to note thatMMGG took the initiative to terminate the agreement. Penoles did not issue a statement indicating any intent to walk away. Penoles' delay or indecision caused them to lose the rights to their buy-in option agreement. Just like if you have an "in the money" option, it's a mistake to let it expire.
(Merlin of MMGG.OB, and Harlan of EXR.V (friends, actually) both have reports that will educate you on the bullish story for Zinc.)
I own shares of MMGG.OB
IAU.V ITDXF.PK (INTREPID MINRLS) http://www.intrepidminerals.com/ scoates@intrepidminerals.com Stephen Coates, Investor Relations (416) 368-4525 41.6 fully diluted w/ Dec. 9 financing? @ share price $.75 Cdn x .75 US/Cdn = .56 US $23 mil MC $3.2 million cash from Dec. 9 financing. Company's exposure is about half to gold, half to silver in several projects. Joint Venture with BHP Billiton focused on "Cannington" style silver deposits using proprietary BHP Billiton data. (all figures are "exploration potential") El Salvador - 38.5 mil oz. Argentina - 6 mil oz. Total: 44 mil oz. silver Total gold: ~690k oz. x 10 (10:1 ratio) = ~ 6.9 mil oz. "silver equiv" Total: 53 mil oz. "silver equiv". (exploration potential or indicated or inferred, not reserves) $23 mil MC / 53 mil oz. = $.44/oz. Hopefully, you get 14 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver.
Additional comments: This explorer/developer tends to focus on good grade, mineable deposits, and form partnerships with other companies to access great information, and expects to produce silver & gold within 2 years, by 2005.
Since this company is about half gold and half silver, the 10:1 ratio really cuts down the "silver equiv" numbers, so keep in mind the "gold bonus" factor here. But it's like that with a lot of the companies on this list, so keep that in mind, and do your own math if you want to use the 70:1 ratio.
QTA.V QURAF.PK (QUATERRA RES) http://www.quaterraresources.com/ Jay Oness Toll Free: 1-888-456-1112 41? mil diluted??? Oct 2003? three main properties in North America @ $.67 Cdn x .75 US/Cdn = $.50 US $20 mil MC?
QTA.V is a Sister Company to Western Silver, WTZ above.
SML.V SMLZF.PK (STEALTH MNRLS) http://www.stealthminerals.com Email-Bill@McWilliam.com 604-306-0391 Bill McWilliam, Chief Executive Officer 48,197,893 (August 31-02) @ share price $.47 x .75 US/Cdn = .35 $17 mil MC
EXN.V EXLLF.PK (EXCELLON RSCS) http://www.excellonresources.com 87 mil shares fully diluted (Jan 9, 2004 press release) (Previously, I had listed a number of 114 mil shares, which was, apparantly incorrect. I don't know how the mistake was made, or what my source was for the 114 mil shares.) @ share price $.255 Cdn x .75 US/Cdn = $.19 US $17 mil MC From http://www.smartstox.com/reports/excellon.html indicated = 63,400 t x 2738 g/t x .0353oz./g = 6.1 mil oz. silver inferred = 2100 t x 1,433 g/t x .0353oz./g = .1 mil oz. silver "gross in-situ value of mineralization is $31.4 million." EXN to own 51% of the project. Apex is the joint partner. 51% x 6.2 mil oz. = 3.16 mil oz. (Company expects 114 mil shares fully diluted after takover of Destorbelle, needed to bring project ownership up to 51%) $17 mil MC
Additional comments: "Excellon ...is exploring and developing".... "a Bonanza grade Silver deposit in Mexico." The geologist, Peter K.M Megaw, is also working with MAG.V From J. Taylor's write up on 2002: "After subtracting capital cost of US $1.8 million, custom milling charges and operating costs, management believs this underground development mine can, over the next two years, generate US $15.8 million or nearly $8 million for EXN's 51% share." The company plans to use these proceeds to further drill and explore the property. They believe the property may contain significantly more silver, as if what's known is only the tail of the tiger; furthermore, they believe they can fund exploration by mining the high-grade silver deposit that has been partly drilled.
Additional comments: The Peru government revoked the mine concessions. MAN.TO is consulting their attorneys. This is a clear example of the RISKS inherant in mining stocks.
BCM.V BCEKF.PK (BEAR CRK MINING) http://www.bearcreekmining.com/s/Home.asp 39,240,457 shares fully diluted @ $0.54/share x .75 US/Cdn = .41 US $16 mil MC --About 6 properties in Peru (I wonder if Peru presents a significant political risk, given what happened to MAN.TO, or whether that was an isolated case in Peru? I don't know either way.)
* NBG.V NBULF.PK (NEW BULLET GP) (I own shares) http://www.newbulletgroup.com/index.htm 50 mil shares fully diluted (including 15 mil new PP) http://www.newbulletgroup.com/financial.htm @ share price $.42 Cdn x .75 US/Cdn = $.294 US $15 mil MC NBG.V has a gold deposit in Brazil that's bigger than the silver project in Mexico. http://www.newbulletgroup.com/mexico.htm " If the deposit extends to considerable depth, as do many of the silver deposits in the region, it is reasonable to assume a deposit of 300 million ounces of silver." Stroud Resources, JV partner, lists the deposit at 150-300 million oz. http://www.newbulletgroup.com/April1820022.pdf NBG.V partners with SDR.V NBG.V to get a 50-70% interest. 50% x 150 mil oz.= 75 mil oz., 70% x 300 mil oz. = 210 mil oz. $15 mil MC / 75 mil oz. = .20 oz. $15 mil MC / 210 mil oz. = .07 oz. Exploration potential = 32 - 87 oz. per oz. worth of shares.
I own shares of NBG.V
SDR.V (STROUD RSCS) (There is no PK symbol as yet) http://www.stroudresourcesltd.com/projects-santo.html gcoburn@stroudresourcesltd.com Mr. George E. Coburn, President Tel: 416-362-4126 Fully Diluted 69,745,562 @ $.17 share x .75 US/Cdn = .127 $9 mil MC JV partner with NBG.V on Santo Domingo Silver Project in Mexico. 150 to 300 mil oz. $9 mil MC / 30% 150 mil oz. (45 mil oz.) = .20 oz. $9 mil MC / 50% 300 mil oz. (150 mil oz.) = .06 oz. Exploration potential = 32 - 103 oz. per oz. worth of shares.
EPZ.V ESPZF.PK (ESPERANZA SILVR) http://www.esperanzasilver.com/s/Home.asp 20 million shares fully diluted @ share price $.96 Cdn x .75 US/Cdn = US $.72 $14 mil MC "Esperanza Silver Corporation is solely dedicated to the identification, acquisition and exploration of new silver projects." Looking for high grades.
GNG.V GGTHF.PK (GOLDEN GOLIATH) http://www.goldengoliath.com/ 604-682-2950 32.4 mil shares fully diluted @ share price $.49 x .75 US/Cdn = $.37 $12 mil market cap
Additional comments: Silver Explorer in Mexico in the the Sierra Madre mountains: Uruachic. Doing active drilling on their silver property, Las Bolas, "in a month" (as of Oct. 7th). They hope to take a collection of old silver mines and make them open pittable. They have some very high grades from chip samples from the tunnels, ranging from 100g to 500g all the way up to around and over 1000g/ton of silver.
HGM.V HOGOF.PK (HOLMER GOLD) http://www.holmergold.com/ 1-877-859-5200 ask for John Robinson 39.4 mil shares @ share price $.42 Cdn x .75 US/Cdn = $ .31 US $12 mil MC
Additional comments: silver in cuba. (final feasibility study completed by Rescan-Hatch) gold in Timmins, Ontario. If there's a final feasibility study done, it either means they should be close to production, or there should be some good data available on a reserves picture. But I just don't have it yet. Note to self: call these guys!
* FR.V FMJRF.PK (FIRST MAJESTIC) (I own shares) http://www.firstmajestic.com/s/Home.asp info@firstmajestic.com 9.1 mil shares fully diluted (Dec. 2003) @ $1.52 Cdn x .75 US/Cdn = 1.125 $10.2 mil MC from http://www.jaba.com/2003/info/niko_2003_1.html http://www.stockjunction.com/modules/emails/featuredprofiles/FR/majestic_sj.html Up to 80% ownership of the Niko project which is similar to the Naica Mine: The Naica Mine: 4.3%Zn, 5.5%Pb, 6ozAg, 0.01ozAu, 0.34%Cu (5 million tonnes reserves_ = 6 x 5 = 30 mil oz. silver x .8 = 24 mil oz. The Niko project does not have reserves, it is similar to the Nacia, which has reserves. from http://biz.yahoo.com/cnw/040113/first_majestic_mexico_1.html Also, First Majestic acquired the La Parrilla Silver Mine in Mexico, a former producing silver mine that closed in 1999 due to low silver prices. They expect to re-open in 4 months, producing 175,000 tonnes a year at 300g/t silver, which means 1.8 mil oz. of silver produced per year. The cost to mine is estimated at $25-30/tonne, and recovery is 85-90%. Seems like it may be about half profit, or perhaps $5 million per year positive cash flow on over $10 million gross if silver is at $6.50/oz. They linked an excerpt from my free e-book from goldismoney.com "8 Reasons why silver is a better investment than gold!" see url here: http://tinyurl.com/xyyb $10.2 mil MC / 24 mil oz.(not including the La Parrilla)++ = .47/oz. You might get "approx" 13 ounces in the ground for 1 oz. silver's worth of stock.
Additional comments: I'm severely undercounting their silver reserves, since I'm not counting the La Parrilla, since there is no data for that. But I'd like to guess. Hmmm. what number shall I pick out of the hat? I suppose we might "guess" that La Parilla may have 10 years of production left????? But, of course, I have no idea whether it is significantly more, like 20 years, or less, like 5 years. But anyway, we could add another 18 million oz. of silver????? If so, it would be: 10 mil MC / 42 mil oz. = 26 oz. in the ground for the oz. you spend on stock. I'll just say, for now, that the 26 represents "exploration potential", since that's all guesswork too. The key benefit here is that FR.V should be cash flow positive quite soon.
I own shares of FR.V
SPM.V SMNPF.PK (SCORPION MINING) http://www.scorpiomining.com 7.4 mil shares issued @ share price $2.10 Cdn x .75 US/Cdn = $1.57 US $12 mil MC
CHMN.PK (CHESTER MINING) http://www.chestermining.com/ Bill Hoyt, 785-383-9246 "2.3 million shares outstanding, positive working capital and no debt" @ $5.25/share $12 mil MC http://biz.yahoo.com/bw/031121/215141_1.html Historic estimate: "defined Conjecture mineral reserves of 706,000 tons grading 11.8 ounces per ton (oz/t) silver" --the Conjecture Mine, with a lease-option agreement signed with Shoshone Silver Mining Company = 8.3 million ounces of silver (leased out) Since Chester will be receiving royalties, it makes it harder for me to value this company. $12 mil MC
NJMC.OB (NEW JERSEY MIN) http://www.newjerseymining.com/ Fred or Grant Brackebusch minesystems@usamedia.tv 18.7 fully diluted (July 2003) @ share price $.59 US $11 mil MC New Jersey Mining Company (NJMC) is engaged in exploring for and developing gold, silver and base metal ore reserves in the Coeur d'Alene Mining District of northern Idaho also known as the Silver Valley - one of the world's richest silver districts.
MMG.V MMEEF.PK (MCMILLAN GOLD) http://www.macmillangold.com/ 25.6 mil shares outstanding (3q 2003 report June, 2003) @ share price $.51 Cdn x .75 US/Cdn = $.38 $10 mil MC
* KRE.V KREKF.PK (KENRICH ESKAY) (I own shares) http://www.kenrich-eskay.com/ Toll-free 1-888-805-3940 16 mil shares outstanding Use "fully diluted" to be safe. @ $.84 share x .75 US/Cdn = .63 $10 mil MC Adjacent to Barrick's silver property, which is "the fifth largest silver producer in the world". "The Property was once almost bought for $34.5-35 million in 1996."
I own shares of KRE.V
KG.V KDKGF.PK (KLONDIKE GOLD) (I own shares) Klondike Gold 70 mil fully diluted (Nov. 2003) @ .145/share x .75 US/Cdn = .11 5 year high .30 recent range 13-17 cents Cdn $8 mil MC
This company has many silver and gold properties. Some of the people are also involved with GNG, Golden Goliath.
(I own shares of KG.V)
LEG.V LEGCF.PK (LATEEGRA RSCS) http://www.lateegra.com Michael Townsend, President Toll Free: 1-866-669-9377 Richard one of the IR guys. 25-27 mil fully diluted. (Nov-Dec '03) + 12.66 fully diluted shares in Jan 7 financing. = 38.66 fully diluted? (Jan 7, 2004) @ share price $.265 x .75 US/Cdn = .20 $8 mil MC see also Teuton Resources Corp (TUO.V)
Additional Comments: --Bonanza grades. Newmont called them, noticed the property. Flew out a guy. El Tigre in Mexico: gold/silver bonanza style mineralization. Top grades: 62g/T gold 15,500g/T silver historic production, from trenching and surface sampling in late 90's. Cash on hand: $500,000 CAN
SHSH.PK (SHOSHONE SILVER) http://www.shoshone-mining.com Bill Hoyt, 785-383-9246 12 mil shares @ .56/share $6.7 mil MC In Cour d'Alene, near CDE, HL, & SRLM.PK
BGS.V BLDGF.PK (BALLAD GLD SLVR) http:// www.balladnet.com 16.3 mil shares outstanding (fully diluted?) @ shar price $.56 share x .75 US/Cdn = .42 US $7 mil MC Bonanza grade "grab samples" in southern Argentina near IMA
* CBE.V CBEFF.PK (CABO MINING)(I own shares) http://www.cabo.ca/ jav@cabo.ca (604) 681-8899 John Versfelt, President Fully diluted subtotal, including shares needed to acquire two drilling companies, which is contingent upon a financing.
= 18,208,314 as of December 31, 2003 (Post-Consolidated) Plus a proposed $5 million financing to acquire the two drilling companies.
@ share price $.56 Cdn x .75 US/Cdn = .42 $7.5 mil MC Cabo Mining issued a 4 page press release on Jan. 5 detailing their contracts to acquire two drilling companies.
Regarding the contracts to acquire two drilling companies in Canada: With all the money raised lately by so many companies to do exploration work now that precious metals prices have increased, I think drilling companies will be very busy making money. This will give the company positive cash flow after they raise the money to acquire the drilling companies.
This week, Cabo redesigned their website, and stared advertising on gold-eagle.com. They are in silver, cobolt, gold, diamonds, and drilling companies.
Cabo Mining is in Cobalt, Ontario, which is a Silver and Cobalt district. Cobalt prices are racing ahead, more than trippling, up to $33/lb up from $9/lb. To learn more about the mining camp town of Cobalt, there is a fascinating article detailing the history of the camp at http://www.nt.net/cobalt/history.htm
I own shares of CBE.V
PCM.V (PAC COMOX RES) http://www.pacificcomox.com/ 66 mil fully diluted Jan, 2004 (From Dec 11, 2003 press release and 2002 report) @ .13/share x .75 US/Cdn = .0975 $6.4 mil MC
BBR.V BBRRF.PK (BRETT RES) http://www.bmts.bc.ca/bbr/ 17.2 fully diluted @ .32/share x .75 US/Cdn = .24 $4 mil MC Silver projects: Yukon --grab sample of 611 g/t Ag Argentina --samples from 31 to 5640 g/t Ag
TUO.V TEUTF.PK (TEUTON RES) http://www.teuton.com/ Dino Cremonese, P.Eng. President (604) 682-3680 20.6 mil fully diluted (July 28,2003) @ share price .27 x .75 US/Cdn =.20 $4 mil MC "Management of Teuton and Lateegra are highly encouraged by the prospective results from the Del Norte exploration to date located in the Eskay Creek region"
ROK.V ROCAF.PK (ROCA MINES INC) http://www.rocamines.com 14.3 mil fully diluted (July 15, 2003) @ share price $.28 Cdn x .75 US/Cdn = .21 $3 mil MC
CBP.V CPBMF.PK (CONS PAC BAY MIN) http://www.pacific-bay.com/ Guilford Brett, IR (604) 682-2421 9.2 mil shares outstanding @ share price $.185 x .75 US/Cdn = .14 $1.3 mil MC
----------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------- Final Category: Silver stocks FOR YOU and I TO RESEARCH further:
I strongly recommend you try to "get ahead of me," and research these stocks to see if I left out any great values. I probably did. I simply did not have time, or could not yet find information (without using the telephone) on all the two key figures needed to get the "price per oz." in the ground. You need: 1. The number of shares fully diluted x share price to get the market cap. Then, 2., you need an estimate of the oz. in the ground. Usually, I've been finding the oz. in the ground resource estimates right off the company webpages, and I get the number of shares by looking for it burried in the financial statements like the quarterlies or annual reports, which are also usually right on the company webpages. Have fun researching for silver companies, and let me know if you find any good ones, and I'll add them to this list.
Legend Mining LEG.AX http://www.legmin.com.au/ specialising in exploration and production of silver. Silver at the Munni Munni Joint Venture in the West Pilbara region of Western Australia
Mascot Silver Lead Mines MSLM.PK http://www.mascotsilver.com/ Coeur d' Alene, Idaho "Though we have reserves and could conceivably mine them, it frankly makes no sense to do so at current prices. ... The end of the silver bear will bring a number of the now-dormant small companies back to life..."
Silver Buckle Mines Inc (SBUM.PK) Coeur d' Alene, Idaho
Fischer-Watt Gold Co Inc (FWGO.OB) Coeur d' Alene, Idaho George Beattie, 208-664-6757
Merger Mines Corp (MERG.PK) Coeur d' Alene, Idaho
Silver Bowl http://www.silver-bowl.com/ Coeur d' Alene, Idaho --working to get a new stock transfer company http://www.oxusgold.co.uk/ 216,559,942 Fully Diluted shares oxus will spin off: Khandiza is a high-grade zinc, silver, copper and lead deposit located in the Sariasia region of southeast Uzbekistan. Silver Mountain Lead Mines Inc (SMLM.PK)
Silver Verde May Mining Co (SIVE.PK)
Metropolitain Mines Ltd (MEMLA.PK)
Silver Surprize Inc (SLSR.PK)
Standard Silver Corp (SDSI.PK)
Horn Silver Mines Co (HRNS.PK) (801)-281-5656
Andean American Mining Corp AAG.V ANMCF.PK http://www.andeanamerican.com/ --concentrates solely in Peru Peru currently stands as the largest gold producer and second largest copper producer in Latin America as well as the second largest silver producer in the world.
Articles like this one, that present opportunities like these, can tend to move the markets in these stocks. So, be careful when buying. If you place any market orders at the open for any of these small stocks, you might end up buying at prices that are significantly higher than you intended. Limit orders might be better, but then, you run the risk of your order not being filled if the stock price exceeds your limit. And bid / ask spreads such as 15% on small cap silver stocks are not unusual. Markets can especially be moved given the wide readership on the internet. I've seen markets moved even by small private newsletters such as lemetropolecafe.com and silver-investor.com (I subscribe to both). Some of these stocks can move up 15%, 30%, 50% or even over 100% in a single day. Thus, valuations can change very, very quickly. So, be careful, and re-check the numbers if the prices move up. Do your own math.
Also note, the majority of these companies have an emphasis on silver. Most silver is produced as a by product of other mining, like lead or zinc or copper mining. Those companies that primarily produce other minerals are not featured in this report. This also helps to explain and prove, that silver is undervalued. If silver miners cannot mine silver profitably, and this report shows that to be true, then something is wrong with the silver price. It must go higher.
This report, and my method of valuing silver companies, depends on a much higher price for silver than exists today to be most accurate and most successful. If silver prices go up significantly, my picks will do well. If silver prices remain flat, then many of my picks should not do well.
Several people have told me that they don't get information this good even when they sign up for annual newsletter subscriptions from others that cost from $100 - $300.
You can help to make sure you can keep getting this report for free if you sign up at goldismoney.com
Final Disclaimer: I have not received any compensation from any public silver stock company for writing up my weekly report on "Silver Stocks--Comparative Valuations". I own shares of the following 20 silver stocks: KG.V, ADB.V, CZN.TO, MNMM.OB, SRLM.PK, CBE.V, CDU.V, NPG.V, CFTN.PK, EXR.V, SVL.V, MMGG.OB, AOT.V, TM.V, OTMN.PK, FCO.TO, KRE.V, FR.V, NBG.V, ASM.V. These are required disclaimers by the SEC: whether I've been paid, and what I own. I believe the SEC intended this to be a cautionary note that I own these shares, not as a recommendation or endorsement. I reserve the right to buy or sell any stock at any time.
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